此牌组中的学习卡（37）

• What are the classifications for neonates based on gestational age?

  • AGA: Appropriate for Gestational Age
  • SGA: Small for Gestational Age
  • LGA: Large for Gestational Age
  neonatology gestational_age
• What is the purpose of classifying neonates at delivery?

  To anticipate any peculiar care that will be needed.
  neonatology care
• What is the cutoff for normal appropriateness in gestational age?

  10th and 90th percentile.
  neonatology percentiles
• What is the best assessment method for gestational age?

  Last normal menstrual period (LMP) or first trimester USS if LMP is unknown.
  neonatology gestational_age
• What chart is used for gestational age assessment?

  Ballard chart.
  neonatology assessment
• What defines a Large for Gestational Age (LGA) infant?

  Weight above the 90th percentile.
  neonatology lga
• What are common causes of LGA?

  • Familial
  • Infants of diabetic mothers
  • Beckwitt-Wiedermann syndrome
  neonatology causes lga
• What problems can arise in LGA infants?

  • Birth trauma
  • Metabolic disorders (e.g., hypoglycaemia, polycythaemia)
  neonatology problems lga
• What are other problems associated with LGA infants?

  • Respiratory distress syndrome
  • Congenital abnormalities (e.g., caudal agenesis)
  neonatology problems lga
• What is the classification for Small for Gestational Age (SGA) infants?

  Weight below the 10th percentile.
  neonatology sga
• What are the types of SGA?

  • Type I: All measurements below 10th percentile
  • Type II: Only weight below 10th percentile
  neonatology sga types
• What are the causes of Type I SGA?

  • Genetic abnormalities
  • Intrauterine infections (e.g., TORCH)
  neonatology sga causes
• What are the causes of Type II SGA?

  • Utero-placental insufficiency
  • Chronic hypertension
  neonatology sga causes
• What problems can occur in SGA infants?

  • Perinatal asphyxia
  • Hypoglycaemia
  • Feeding difficulties
  neonatology problems sga
• What is a common management step for LGA infants?

  Thorough history and physical examination for injuries.
  neonatology management lga
• What should be monitored in LGA infants?

  Blood glucose levels for hypoglycaemia.
  neonatology monitoring lga
• What are the characteristics of creases?

  • Red marks
  • Transverse
  • Anterior cover
  • 2/3 entire
  • Only sole
  anatomy creases
• What are the breast characteristics?

  • Barely flat
  • Stippled raised
  • Full percept
  • Areola sizes: 4-2mm, 3-4mm, 5-10mm
  anatomy breast
• What defines the ear pinna?

  • Flat
  • Slightly curved
  • Well curved
  • Formed and firm
  anatomy ear
• What are the characteristics of a male genital?

  • Scrotum empty, no rugae
  • Testes descending, few rugae
  anatomy male genitals
• What are the characteristics of a female genital?

  • Prominent clitoris and labia minora
  • Majora and minora equally prominent
  anatomy female genitals
• What are the characteristics of testes in male genital?

  • Testes down, good rugae
  • Testes pendulous, deep rugae
  anatomy male genitals
• What are the characteristics of clitoris and minora in female genital?

  • Completely covered
  anatomy female genitals
• What is the length at 10% gestation?

  • 190%
  gestation measurements
• What is the head circumference measurement?

  • Measured in cm
  gestation measurements
• What is the weight measurement during gestation?

  • Measured in grams
  gestation measurements
• What are the weight categories during gestation?

  • Pre-term
  • Term
  • Post-term
  gestation weight
• What is the weight of a fetus at 4200 gm?

  • 50%
  gestation weight
• What is the weight of a fetus at 3800 gm?

  • 50%
  gestation weight
• What is the weight of a fetus at 3600 gm?

  • 50%
  gestation weight
• What is the weight of a fetus at 3400 gm?

  • 50%
  gestation weight
• What is the weight of a fetus at 2800 gm?

  • 10%
  gestation weight
• What is the weight of a fetus at 2600 gm?

  • 10%
  gestation weight
• What is the weight of a fetus at 2400 gm?

  • 10%
  gestation weight
• What is the weight of a fetus at 2200 gm?

  • 10%
  gestation weight
• What is the weight of a fetus at 2000 gm?

  • 10%
  gestation weight
• What is the weight of a fetus at 1600 gm?

  • 10%
  gestation weight