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Which intramolecular substitution products are listed for synthesizing three-membered rings?
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Which named procedure converts a precursor into an epoxide (oxiran) in the notes?
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Which named procedure converts a precursor into an aziridine in the notes?
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Which reagents are specified for Mitsunobu-cyclisation to form three-membered rings?
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What two general transformations are listed for making three-membered heterocycles?
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How can three-membered rings be synthesized from carbonyls or imines according to the notes?
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Name two approaches listed for synthesizing four-membered rings.
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Which photochemical reaction is listed for making four-membered rings from an alkene and a carbonyl?
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Which reaction combining a keten and an imine is listed for four-membered ring synthesis?
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List the general routes given for synthesizing five-membered rings.
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Which 1,3-dipoles or related species are listed for (3+2) cycloadditions to form five-membered rings?
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Which two general methods are listed for synthesizing six-membered rings?
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What reagents form pyrrole in the Paal–Knorr synthesis?
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What reagent combination gives furan in the Paal–Knorr synthesis?
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What is required to synthesize thiophene via Paal–Knorr?
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Which starting materials are used in the Knorr synthesis to make pyrrole?
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Which reagents are paired in the Van Leusen method to form pyrrole?
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What are the key reagents for the Fischer synthesis of a heterocycle with one heteroatom and two rings (one 5-ring)?
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What starting materials and catalyst are used in the Castro synthesis for a fused heterocycle?
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What single substrate is listed for the Reissert synthesis in this overview?
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Which reagents and catalyst are used in the Mori–Ban–Heck synthesis?
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What three components form 1,3-azoles in the Debus–Radiszewski synthesis?
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What reagents are required for the Hantzsch-type thiazole synthesis from halogencarbonyls?
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In Van Leusen routes to oxazoles and imidazoles, which partners are used with TosMIC?
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What substrates form pyrazole according to the overview for 1,2-azoles?
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Which reagents are listed to synthesize 'Isoxazol'?
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Which dipolar cycloaddition pair is given to form 'Isoxazol'?
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Which dipolar cycloaddition pair is given to form 'Pyrazol'?
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Which reagents are used in the Huisgen-Alky-Azid cycloaddition to make 1,2,3-triazole?
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What are the components of the Hantzsch synthesis listed for a one-heteroatom six-membered ring?
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Which three-component assembly is listed as coming from 1,5-dicarbonyl and NH3?
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Which [2+2+2] cycloaddition partners are listed to build a one-heteroatom six-membered ring?
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Which [4+2] cycloaddition partners are listed for making a one-heteroatom six-membered ring?
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Which starting heterocycles are listed as precursors to one-heteroatom six-membered rings with alkine/alkene?
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Which starting heterocycle is listed to form six-membered rings with electron-rich alkines?
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What are the reagents for the Combes synthesis to form one-heteroatom, two fused six-rings?
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What starting materials does the Friedländer synthesis use for fused six-membered ring systems?
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What is the starting material listed for the Pictet-Gams synthesis?
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Which reagents are given to synthesize 'Pyridazin'?
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Which cycloaddition is listed as an alternative route to 'Pyridazin'?
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Which reagents are listed to form 'Pyrimidin'?
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Which reagents are listed to form 'Pyrazin'?
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What starting material is mentioned for the syntheses?
2-aminoketones
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Which target molecule class is specified under 'Synthesis'?
Purine
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Which two topics are noted as 'just need to know what its about'?
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Name three of the important reactions listed.
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List all important reactions mentioned.
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Is 'Dipolar cycloaddition' included among the important reactions?
Yes
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Which intramolecular substitution products are listed for synthesizing three-membered rings?
Which named procedure converts a precursor into an epoxide (oxiran) in the notes?
Which named procedure converts a precursor into an aziridine in the notes?
Which reagents are specified for Mitsunobu-cyclisation to form three-membered rings?
What two general transformations are listed for making three-membered heterocycles?
How can three-membered rings be synthesized from carbonyls or imines according to the notes?
Name two approaches listed for synthesizing four-membered rings.
Which photochemical reaction is listed for making four-membered rings from an alkene and a carbonyl?
Which reaction combining a keten and an imine is listed for four-membered ring synthesis?
List the general routes given for synthesizing five-membered rings.
Which 1,3-dipoles or related species are listed for (3+2) cycloadditions to form five-membered rings?
Which two general methods are listed for synthesizing six-membered rings?
What reagents form pyrrole in the Paal–Knorr synthesis?
What reagent combination gives furan in the Paal–Knorr synthesis?
What is required to synthesize thiophene via Paal–Knorr?
Which starting materials are used in the Knorr synthesis to make pyrrole?
Which reagents are paired in the Van Leusen method to form pyrrole?
What are the key reagents for the Fischer synthesis of a heterocycle with one heteroatom and two rings (one 5-ring)?
What starting materials and catalyst are used in the Castro synthesis for a fused heterocycle?
What single substrate is listed for the Reissert synthesis in this overview?
Which reagents and catalyst are used in the Mori–Ban–Heck synthesis?
What three components form 1,3-azoles in the Debus–Radiszewski synthesis?
What reagents are required for the Hantzsch-type thiazole synthesis from halogencarbonyls?
In Van Leusen routes to oxazoles and imidazoles, which partners are used with TosMIC?
What substrates form pyrazole according to the overview for 1,2-azoles?
Which reagents are listed to synthesize 'Isoxazol'?
Which dipolar cycloaddition pair is given to form 'Isoxazol'?
Which dipolar cycloaddition pair is given to form 'Pyrazol'?
Which reagents are used in the Huisgen-Alky-Azid cycloaddition to make 1,2,3-triazole?
What are the components of the Hantzsch synthesis listed for a one-heteroatom six-membered ring?
Which three-component assembly is listed as coming from 1,5-dicarbonyl and NH3?
Which [2+2+2] cycloaddition partners are listed to build a one-heteroatom six-membered ring?
Which [4+2] cycloaddition partners are listed for making a one-heteroatom six-membered ring?
Which starting heterocycles are listed as precursors to one-heteroatom six-membered rings with alkine/alkene?
Which starting heterocycle is listed to form six-membered rings with electron-rich alkines?
What are the reagents for the Combes synthesis to form one-heteroatom, two fused six-rings?
What starting materials does the Friedländer synthesis use for fused six-membered ring systems?
What is the starting material listed for the Pictet-Gams synthesis?
Which reagents are given to synthesize 'Pyridazin'?
Which cycloaddition is listed as an alternative route to 'Pyridazin'?
Which reagents are listed to form 'Pyrimidin'?
Which reagents are listed to form 'Pyrazin'?
What starting material is mentioned for the syntheses?
2-aminoketones
Which target molecule class is specified under 'Synthesis'?
Purine
Which two topics are noted as 'just need to know what its about'?
Name three of the important reactions listed.
List all important reactions mentioned.
Is 'Dipolar cycloaddition' included among the important reactions?
Yes
Concise guide to common synthetic methods for making 3–6 membered carbocycles and heterocycles, plus selected named reactions used to assemble heteroatom-containing rings.
Sulfur ylides: convert carbonyls/imines into epoxides/aziridines via ylides.
4-membered rings (cyclobutanes, azetidines, oxetanes)
Formation from functional group interconversion (azides, nitrones, nitrile oxides, azomethine ylides).
Typical dipoles and partners:
Alternative: build 1,4-dicarbonyls from alkynes via Michael addition or Stetter reaction (NHC-catalyzed).
Knorr synthesis
Pyrroles from an α-amino ketone plus a β-dicarbonyl compound.
Van Leusen
Also accessible by [4+2] cycloaddition of tetrazines with alkynes (retro-[4+2] extrusion of N2).
Pyrimidine
From 1,3-dicarbonyls condensed with amidines or urea-type N-sources.
Pyrazine
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