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Platelets are produced from _______ in the bone marrow.
The key function of platelets is to rapidly form _______ in response to vascular injury.
Hemostasis is the process that prevents and stops _______.
Primary hemostasis involves platelets and vessel wall integrity, while _______ involves the coagulation cascade.
Platelet adhesion occurs when platelets adhere to exposed _______.
In primary hemostasis, bleeding from a _______ suggests a structural lesion.
Multiple site bleeding suggests _______.
Immediate bleeding indicates a _______.
Delayed bleeding is indicative of a _______.
Petechiae, which are pin point bleeding in skin or mucosa, suggest a _______ issue.
Hematoma and hemarthrosis, which involve large blood in soft tissues or joints, are seen in _______ disorders.
Mucosal bleeding and bruising are often associated with _______.
Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) can be classified as _______ (no other cause) or _______ (due to drugs, systemic disorders).
The autoantibodies in ITP target platelet glycoproteins such as _______ or _______.
Acute ITP is mostly seen in _______ and is often post-viral or post-vaccine.
Chronic ITP is more common in _______ aged 20–40 with no viral history.
Clinical features of acute ITP include sudden onset, _______, and mucocutaneous bleeding.
Treatment for chronic ITP may include _______ or _______.
Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) can be classified into _______ (nonimmune) and _______ (immune-mediated).
Type II HIT occurs _______ days after exposure to heparin and can be life-threatening.
Clinical features of HIT include thromboembolism such as _______ and _______.
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP) is caused by deficiency of _______.
TTP may be triggered by infections like _______ or _______.
The pathogenesis of TTP involves accumulation of large _______ multimers due to ADAMTS13 deficiency.
Deficiency of _______ leads to accumulation of large _______.
The clinical features of TTP include a pentad of: - _______ - _______ - _______ - _______ - _______.
Neurologic symptoms in TTP may include: - _______ - _______ - _______.
Laboratory findings in TTP include: - WBC: _______ - Hemoglobin: _______ - Platelets: _______.
The treatment for TTP is a medical emergency that includes _______ which removes antibodies and _______.
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) is the most common cause of acute kidney injury in children and is often associated with _______.
Atypical HUS is linked to mutations in the _______ and has a poor prognosis.
The primary event in the pathogenesis of HUS is _______.
Clinical features of HUS include: - _______ - _______ - _______.
Differential diagnosis for TTP includes: - _______: Prolonged PT/aPTT, elevated D-dimer - _______: Rash, arthralgia, no diarrhea.
Systemic vasculitis symptoms include _______, _______, and _______.
Supportive care for treatment includes _______, _______, and _______.
Plasma exchange is used for treating _______.
TTP and HUS comparison shows that peak incidence for TTP is at _______ years, while HUS is common in _______.
In terms of gender, TTP is more common in _______, while HUS affects _______.
Epidemic occurrence is common in _______ but not in _______.
Re-occurrence is _______ in TTP and _______ in HUS.
HUS is linked to _______, while TTP has _______ links.
Renal failure is _______ in TTP but _______ in HUS.
Thrombocytopenia in TTP is _______, while in HUS it is _______.
Organ involvement in TTP is _______, while in HUS it is limited to the _______.
Flashcards in this deck (46)
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Platelets are produced from megakaryocytes in the bone marrow.
platelets hematology -
The key function of platelets is to rapidly form mechanical plugs in response to vascular injury.
platelets hemostasis -
Hemostasis is the process that prevents and stops bleeding.
bleeding hemostasis -
Primary hemostasis involves platelets and vessel wall integrity, while secondary hemostasis involves the coagulation cascade.
platelets hemostasis -
Platelet adhesion occurs when platelets adhere to exposed subendothelial collagen.
platelets hemostasis -
In primary hemostasis, bleeding from a single site suggests a structural lesion.
clinical bleeding -
Multiple site bleeding suggests coagulopathy.
clinical bleeding -
Immediate bleeding indicates a primary hemostasis disorder.
bleeding hemostasis -
Delayed bleeding is indicative of a secondary hemostasis disorder.
bleeding hemostasis -
Petechiae, which are pin point bleeding in skin or mucosa, suggest a primary hemostasis issue.
clinical hemostasis -
Hematoma and hemarthrosis, which involve large blood in soft tissues or joints, are seen in secondary hemostasis disorders.
clinical hemostasis -
Mucosal bleeding and bruising are often associated with primary hemostasis.
clinical hemostasis -
Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP) can be classified as primary (no other cause) or secondary (due to drugs, systemic disorders).
hematology itp -
The autoantibodies in ITP target platelet glycoproteins such as GP IIb/IIIa or Ib/IX.
hematology autoimmunity -
Acute ITP is mostly seen in children and is often post-viral or post-vaccine.
hematology itp -
Chronic ITP is more common in women aged 20–40 with no viral history.
hematology itp -
Clinical features of acute ITP include sudden onset, petechiae, and mucocutaneous bleeding.
hematology itp -
Treatment for chronic ITP may include splenectomy or immunosuppressants.
treatment hematology -
Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) can be classified into Type I (nonimmune) and Type II (immune-mediated).
hematology hit -
Type II HIT occurs 4–10 days after exposure to heparin and can be life-threatening.
hematology hit -
Clinical features of HIT include thromboembolism such as DVT and MI.
hematology hit -
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP) is caused by deficiency of ADAMTS13.
hematology ttp -
TTP may be triggered by infections like E. coli O157:H7 or Shigella.
hematology ttp -
The pathogenesis of TTP involves accumulation of large vWF multimers due to ADAMTS13 deficiency.
hematology ttp -
Deficiency of ADAMTS13 leads to accumulation of large vWF multimers.
pathogenesis platelet_disorders -
The clinical features of TTP include a pentad of: - microangiopathic hemolytic anemia - thrombocytopenia - neurologic symptoms - fever - renal disease.
clinical_features ttp -
Neurologic symptoms in TTP may include: - seizures - aphasia - hemiplegia.
ttp neurology -
Laboratory findings in TTP include: - WBC: normal/slightly elevated - Hemoglobin: 8–9 g/dL - Platelets: 20–50 x 10³/mm³.
ttp labs -
The treatment for TTP is a medical emergency that includes plasma exchange which removes antibodies and vWF multimers.
treatment ttp -
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) is the most common cause of acute kidney injury in children and is often associated with bacterial gastroenteritis.
etiology hus -
Atypical HUS is linked to mutations in the complement pathway and has a poor prognosis.
hus atypical -
The primary event in the pathogenesis of HUS is endothelial damage.
pathogenesis hus -
Clinical features of HUS include: - bloody diarrhea - fever - acute renal failure.
clinical_features hus -
Differential diagnosis for TTP includes: - DIC: Prolonged PT/aPTT, elevated D-dimer - Systemic vasculitis: Rash, arthralgia, no diarrhea.
ttp differential_diagnosis -
Systemic vasculitis symptoms include rash, arthralgia, and no diarrhea.
symptoms medicine -
Supportive care for treatment includes platelet transfusions, dialysis, and fluid/electrolyte management.
treatment medicine -
Plasma exchange is used for treating atypical HUS.
treatment medicine -
TTP and HUS comparison shows that peak incidence for TTP is at 40 years, while HUS is common in childhood.
medicine comparison -
In terms of gender, TTP is more common in females, while HUS affects both genders equally.
medicine comparison -
Epidemic occurrence is common in HUS but not in TTP.
medicine comparison -
Re-occurrence is common in TTP and rare in HUS.
medicine comparison -
HUS is linked to E. coli 0157:H7, while TTP has occasional links.
medicine comparison -
Renal failure is uncommon in TTP but common in HUS.
medicine comparison -
Thrombocytopenia in TTP is severe, while in HUS it is moderate to severe.
medicine comparison -
Organ involvement in TTP is multiple, while in HUS it is limited to the kidney.
medicine comparison -