Flashcards in this deck (21)

• What are the two main divisions of the venous system of the lower limb?

  • Superficial venous system
  • Deep venous system
  anatomy venous_system
• Where do the superficial veins drain into?

  • Deep venous system
  • Via fascial perforating veins
  anatomy venous_system
• What forms the popliteal vein in the lower limb?

  • Three pairs of venae commitantes
  • Receives soleal and gastrocnemius veins
  anatomy venous_system
• What vein does the popliteal vein become as it ascends?

  Femoral vein
  anatomy venous_system
• What vein is formed by the combination of internal and external iliac veins?

  Common iliac vein
  anatomy venous_system
• What is the longest vein in the body?

  Great saphenous vein (GSV)
  anatomy venous_system
• Where does the great saphenous vein terminate?

  Drains into the common femoral vein at the saphenofemoral junction (SFJ)
  anatomy venous_system
• What is the accessory saphenous vein (ASV) commonly mistaken for?

  Great saphenous vein (GSV)
  anatomy venous_system
• What does the small saphenous vein (SSV) accompany?

  Sural nerve
  anatomy venous_system
• What is the role of the venous system in the lower limb?

  Returns blood to the right atrium of the heart
  anatomy venous_system
• Where does the short saphenous vein (SSV) usually sit in the calf?

  In the groove between the two muscular heads of gastrocnemius.
  anatomy veins
• Where does the SSV commonly drain?

  Into the popliteal vein at the saphenopopliteal junction (SPJ).
  anatomy veins
• What is a cranial extension of the SSV?

  It terminates by piercing fascia in the posterior thigh to drain into the deep venous system.
  anatomy veins
• What is the function of the venous system?

  To return blood back to the heart for pulmonary circulation.
  physiology veins
• What percentage of total blood volume is contained in the venous system?

  Approximately 60%.
  physiology veins
• What is the average pressure in the venous system?

  Around 5–10 mmHg.
  physiology veins
• What is the pressure at the venular end of capillaries?

  Approximately 12 mmHg.
  physiology veins
• What is the pressure in a foot vein when standing?

  Equivalent to about 100 mmHg.
  physiology veins
• What creates the pressure gradient for venous return?

  Increased thoracic volume during inspiration and calf muscle pump compression.
  physiology veins
• What are soleal sinusoids?

  Blind-ending sacks in the calf that force blood into the popliteal and crural veins.
  anatomy veins
• What happens during calf muscle pump contraction?

  Veins are compressed, allowing blood to pass towards the heart.
  physiology veins