Flashcards in this deck (53)

• What is a head in bone features?

  A large, round articular end. Examples: head of the humerus, head of the femur, radial head, head of a rib.
  anatomy bone_features
• What is a neck in bone features?

  A relatively narrow portion proximal to the head. Examples: femoral neck, radial neck, neck of a rib.
  anatomy bone_features
• What is a tubercle?

  A small, raised eminence. Examples: tubercle of a rib, greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus.
  anatomy bone_features
• What is a groove in bone features?

  An elongated depression or furrow. Examples: groove for middle meningeal artery, costal groove on rib, radial groove of humerus.
  anatomy bone_features
• What is a facet in bone features?

  A smooth flat area, usually covered with cartilage, where a bone articulates with another bone. Example: costal facets on thoracic vertebrae.
  anatomy bone_features
• What is a process?

  An extension or projection serving a particular purpose. Examples: mastoid process, styloid process, xiphoid process, spinous processes.
  anatomy bone_features
• What is a foramen?

  A passage through a bone. Examples: foramen magnum, supraorbital foramen, foramen ovale.
  anatomy bone_features
• What is a condyle?

  A knuckle-shaped region of a bone, usually associated with an articulation. Examples: mandibular condyle, occipital condyles.
  anatomy bone_features
• What is a protuberance?

  A bulge or projection of bone. Examples: external occipital protuberance, internal occipital protuberance.
  anatomy bone_features
• What is a fossa?

  A hollow or depressed area. Examples: mandibular fossa, infraspinous fossa, olecranon fossa.
  anatomy bone_features
• What bones comprise the neurocranium?

  Frontal, sphenoid, occipital, temporal (paired), parietal (paired).
  anatomy neurocranium
• How many cervical vertebrae are in the vertebral column?

  7 cervical vertebrae (C1-C7).
  anatomy vertebral_column
• How many thoracic vertebrae are in the vertebral column?

  12 thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12).
  anatomy vertebral_column
• How many lumbar vertebrae are in the vertebral column?

  5 lumbar vertebrae (L1-L5).
  anatomy vertebral_column
• What is the sacrum composed of?

  5 fused vertebrae (S1-S5).
  anatomy vertebral_column
• What is the coccyx composed of?

  3 or 4 fused vertebrae.
  anatomy vertebral_column
• How many carpals are there?

  8 bones.
  anatomy carpals
• What are the carpal bones in the proximal row (lateral to medial)?

  • Scaphoid
  • Lunate
  • Triquetrum
  • Pisiform
  anatomy carpal_bones
• What are the carpal bones in the distal row (lateral to medial)?

  • Trapezium
  • Trapezoid
  • Capitate
  • Hamate
  anatomy carpal_bones
• How are the metacarpals numbered?

  Numbered I to V from the lateral thumb to the medial little finger.
  anatomy metacarpals
• What is the thumb referred to as?

  The thumb is referred to as the pollux.
  anatomy digits
• What joints are involved in the elbow joint?

  • Humeroradial articulation (humerus and radius)
  • Humeroulnar articulation (humerus and ulna)
  anatomy elbow_joint
• What is the wrist joint also known as?

  The radiocarpal joint.
  anatomy wrist_joint
• What are the three bones that form each pelvic bone?

  • Ilium
  • Ischium
  • Pubis
  anatomy pelvic_bone
• What are the proximal tarsal bones?

  • Talus
  • Calcaneus
  • Navicular
  anatomy tarsal_bones
• What are the distal tarsal bones?

  • Medial cuneiform
  • Intermediate cuneiform
  • Lateral cuneiform
  • Cuboid
  anatomy tarsal_bones
• What is the hip joint formed by?

  Between the acetabulum of the pelvic bone and the head of the femur.
  anatomy hip_joint
• What is the head of a bone?

  A large, round articular end, such as the head of the humerus or head of the femur.
  anatomy bone_features
• What is the neck of a bone?

  A relatively narrow portion proximal to the head, e.g., femoral neck.
  anatomy bone_features
• What is an epicondyle?

  An eminence superior or adjacent to a condyle (e.g., lateral epicondyle of the humerus).
  anatomy bone_features
• What is a line in bone anatomy?

  A linear elevation, sometimes called a ridge (e.g., soleal line of the tibia).
  anatomy bone_features
• What defines a trochanter?

  A large blunt elevation (e.g., greater and lesser trochanters of the femur).
  anatomy bone_features
• What is a spine in anatomical terms?

  A thorn-like process (e.g., spine of the scapula, ischial spine of the pelvis).
  anatomy bone_features
• What is a crest?

  A ridge or edge of bone (e.g., iliac crest, interosseous crest).
  anatomy bone_features
• What is a tuberosity?

  A large, rounded elevation (e.g., deltoid tuberosity, ischial tuberosity of the pelvis).
  anatomy bone_features
• What is a groove in bone anatomy?

  An elongated depression or furrow (e.g., groove for the middle meningeal artery in the skull, radial groove of the humerus).
  anatomy bone_features
• What is a process in anatomy?

  An extension or projection serving a particular purpose (e.g., mastoid process of the temporal bone, ulnar styloid process).
  anatomy bone_features
• What are fibrous joints?

  Joints where bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue (e.g., sutures of the skull).
  anatomy joints
• What are cartilaginous joints?

  Joints where bones are connected by cartilage (e.g., growth plates of long bones).
  anatomy joints
• What are articular discs, labra, and menisci?

  Structures composed of fibrocartilage that enhance joint stability.
  anatomy joints
• What are intrinsic ligaments?

  Ligaments that are part of, or within, the fibrous joint capsule.
  anatomy joints
• What are jugular trunks?

  Trunks that drain lymph from one full side of the head and neck.
  anatomy lymphatic_system
• What do subclavian trunks drain?

  Lymph from the upper extremity.
  anatomy lymphatic_system
• What do bronchomediastinal trunks drain?

  Lymph from the lung and anterior thoracic viscera.
  anatomy lymphatic_system
• What do lumbar trunks drain?

  Lymph from the lower extremity and abdominal wall musculature below the umbilicus.
  anatomy lymphatic_system
• What do intestinal trunks drain?

  Lymph from the gastrointestinal tract and its accessory organs.
  anatomy lymphatic_system
• Where is the deep cervical chain located?

  Along the course of the internal jugular vein in the neck.
  anatomy lymph_nodes
• Where are the axillary lymph nodes located?

  In the axilla (armpit).
  anatomy lymph_nodes
• Where are the inguinal lymph nodes located?

  Immediately inferior to the inguinal ligament in the groin area.
  anatomy lymph_nodes
• What are tendons primarily composed of?

  Dense regular connective tissue.
  anatomy muscles
• What is the main role of tendons?

  To attach skeletal muscles directly or indirectly to bones, cartilages, ligaments, or fascias.
  anatomy muscles
• What are aponeuroses characterized by?

  Forming flat sheets.
  anatomy muscles
• Where can aponeuroses be observed?

  In areas like the anterolateral abdomen.
  anatomy muscles