Flashcards in this deck (19)

• What do carbohydrates primarily serve as in a meal?

  Energy source
  nutrition carbohydrates
• What elements make up carbohydrates?

  C, H, and O
  chemistry elements
• What is the empirical formula of carbohydrates?

  (CH₂O)n
  chemistry formula
• How are carbohydrates classified?

  Monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides
  nutrition classification
• What is the most common monosaccharide?

  Glucose
  nutrition monosaccharides
• What is the range of carbon atoms in monosaccharides?

  Three to seven
  chemistry monosaccharides
• What is glucose's state at room temperature?

  Solid
  chemistry glucose
• What are examples of monosaccharides?

  Glucose, fructose, erythrulose, ribulose
  nutrition monosaccharides
• What defines polysaccharides?

  More than ten monosaccharide units
  nutrition polysaccharides
• What are the two types of polysaccharides?

  Starch and non-starch
  nutrition polysaccharides
• What are starch polysaccharides?

  Main energy reserve in root vegetables
  nutrition starch
• What is glycogen?

  Polysaccharide in animals
  nutrition glycogen
• What are non-starch polysaccharides?

  Dietary fiber group
  nutrition fiber
• What do non-starch polysaccharides include?

  Cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, gums
  nutrition fiber
• What is a function of carbohydrates related to energy?

  Energy supply
  nutrition functions
• How do carbohydrates affect bowel movement?

  Increase physical bulk for easy movement
  nutrition functions
• Where is excess glucose stored in the human body?

  As glycogen in muscles and liver
  nutrition storage
• What is the role of glucose during prolonged hunger?

  Converted back to glucose from fat
  nutrition functions
• What are ribose and deoxyribose used for?

  Building blocks of RNA, DNA, and ATP
  biochemistry macromolecules