Lymphocytes are _______ of the leucocytes and _______; produced in _______; ultimately derived from _______; these migrate to the lymphoid tissue before and after birth.
Lymphocytes are the smallest of the leucocytes and the second commonest (30%); produced in lymphoid tissue of lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, GIT; ultimately derived from lymphocytic stem cells in the bone marrow; these migrate to the lymphoid tissue before and after birth.
Two major types of lymphocytes: - _______ responsible for _______ - _______ responsible for _______
Two major types of lymphocytes: - T-lymphocytes responsible for cellular immunity - B-lymphocytes responsible for humoral immunity - antibodies
Monocytes are _______ of the leucocytes and _______; they _______ and _______; widely distributed in _______.
Monocytes are the largest of the leucocytes and moderately common (5%); they have the ability to phagocytose invading organisms and leave the circulation, enlarge and transform in the tissues into macrophages; widely distributed in lymph nodes, lung, alveoli, liver, spleen.
Neutrophils are _______ with a _______; they have _______; where tissue is damaged they _______; _______.
Neutrophils are the commonest leucocyte (62%) with a characteristic lobed nucleus; they have purplish granules in cytoplasm which appear to be lysosomes; where tissue is damaged they leave the capillaries and commence the phagocytosis of damaged cells and invading pathogens; the pus in wounds is largely composed of dead neutrophils.
Eosinophils' _______ are _______; they are _______ but _______.
Eosinophils' acidiphilic granules are considered to be lysosomes; they are only weakly phagocytic but increase in parasitic infections.
Basophils are _______ and contain _______; they contain _______; their function is _______ but they _______.
Basophils are the rarest of the leucocytes (0.4%) and contain basophilic granules; they contain quantities of heparin and histamine; their function is unclear but they may have relationship with tissue mast cells involved in allergic reactions.
Lymphocytes are the smallest of the leucocytes and the second commonest (30%); produced in lymphoid tissue of lymph nodes, spleen, thymus, GIT; ultimately derived from lymphocytic stem cells in the bone marrow; these migrate to the lymphoid tissue before and after birth.
Two major types of lymphocytes: - T-lymphocytes responsible for cellular immunity - B-lymphocytes responsible for humoral immunity - antibodies
Monocytes are the largest of the leucocytes and moderately common (5%); they have the ability to phagocytose invading organisms and leave the circulation, enlarge and transform in the tissues into macrophages; widely distributed in lymph nodes, lung, alveoli, liver, spleen.
Neutrophils are the commonest leucocyte (62%) with a characteristic lobed nucleus; they have purplish granules in cytoplasm which appear to be lysosomes; where tissue is damaged they leave the capillaries and commence the phagocytosis of damaged cells and invading pathogens; the pus in wounds is largely composed of dead neutrophils.
Eosinophils' acidiphilic granules are considered to be lysosomes; they are only weakly phagocytic but increase in parasitic infections.
Basophils are the rarest of the leucocytes (0.4%) and contain basophilic granules; they contain quantities of heparin and histamine; their function is unclear but they may have relationship with tissue mast cells involved in allergic reactions.
| Cell type | Relative frequency | Key features | Primary role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lymphocytes | ~\(30\%\) | Small; T and B cells | Adaptive immunity (cellular and humoral) |
| Monocytes | ~\(5\%\) | Largest; become macrophages | Phagocytosis, antigen presentation |
| Neutrophils | ~\(62\%\) | Multilobed nucleus; lysosomes | Acute bacterial defense, phagocytosis |
| Eosinophils | (low) | Acidophilic granules | Parasite defense, modulate allergy |
| Basophils | ~\(0.4\%\) | Basophilic granules; heparin/histamine | Allergy and inflammation |
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