Does Canada have one healthcare system?
False, Canada has 15 different healthcare systems.
What is Alberta's health service called?
Alberta Health Services
What is the health authority for British Columbia?
British Columbia Ministry of Health
What is the health department in Manitoba?
Manitoba Health, Seniors and Active Living
What is the health authority in New Brunswick?
New Brunswick Health
What is the health service in Newfoundland and Labrador?
Newfoundland and Labrador Health
What is the health service in Northwest Territories?
Northwest Territories Health and Social Services
What is the health authority in Nova Scotia?
Nova Scotia Health Authority
What is the health department in Nunavut?
Nunavut Department of Health
What is Ontario's health ministry called?
Ontario Ministry of Health
What is the health service in Prince Edward Island?
Prince Edward Island Health
What is the health ministry in Québec?
Québec Ministry of Health and Social Services
What is the health ministry in Saskatchewan?
Saskatchewan Ministry of Health
What is the health service in Yukon?
Yukon Health and Social Services
What federal body funds Indigenous health services?
Indigenous Services Canada
What federal body funds military health services?
Veteran Affairs Canada
What is the federal role in healthcare governance?
Policy setting, regulation, funding, public health initiatives.
What is the provincial role in healthcare governance?
Administration and delivery of services, funding allocation.
What do Regional Health Authorities manage?
Local management of services and resource allocation.
What is the professional jurisdiction in healthcare?
Regulation of healthcare professionals and scope of practice enforcement.
What does the Canadian Health Care Act ensure?
Universal access to healthcare for all citizens.
What does the Canadian Health Care Act outlaw?
Extra billing or copayments for insured healthcare services.
What is required of each province under the CHA?
Have its own health insurance plan.
What are the key principles of the CHA?
Public Administration, Comprehensive, Universality, Portability, Accessibility.
What is not covered by OHIP?
Drugs, Physiotherapy, Speech Therapy, Orthotics, Dentistry.
What is the objective of Level 1 healthcare?
Enhance control over health and improve literacy.
What are examples of Level 1 healthcare services?
Antismoking education, promoting self-esteem.
What is the objective of Level 2 healthcare?
Reduce risk factors for disease and injury.
What are examples of Level 2 healthcare services?
Immunization, support groups, screenings.
What is the objective of Level 3 healthcare?
Recognize and manage existing health problems.
What are examples of Level 3 healthcare services?
Early detection, specialized medical services.
What is the objective of Level 4 healthcare?
Improve health post-illness, injury, addiction.
What are examples of Level 4 healthcare services?
Physiotherapy, occupational therapy, social services.
What is the objective of Level 5 healthcare?
Provide long-term care for chronic illnesses.
What are examples of Level 5 healthcare services?
Palliative care, long-term care, adult day care.
What is Primary Care?
Initial and routine care by general practitioners or nurse practitioners
What is the focus of Primary Care?
Prevention, health maintenance, common illnesses
Examples of Primary Care?
Annual check-ups, minor illnesses, vaccinations
What is Secondary Care?
Specialized medical care by specialists or consultants
What is the focus of Secondary Care?
Complex diagnosis and treatment, often with referrals
Examples of Secondary Care?
Cardiology consultations, orthopedic surgeries
What is Tertiary Care?
Highly specialized and advanced care
What is the focus of Tertiary Care?
Severe or complex health conditions requiring specialized expertise
Examples of Tertiary Care?
Neurosurgery, cancer treatment, organ transplants, Cath lab
What is the Right to be Informed?
Right to receive information about health care
What is the Right to be Respected as an Individual?
Right to be treated with dignity and respect
What is the Right to Participate in Decision Making?
Right to be involved in health decisions
What is the Right to Review Health Care Records?
Right to access personal health records
What is the Right to Equal Access to Health Care?
Right to receive health care without discrimination
What is the CAMH Bill of Patient Rights?
A set of rights for patients in health care
What is the Right to be Treated with Respect?
Patients have the right to be treated with respect
What is the Right to Safety and Protection from Harm?
Patients have the right to be safe from harm
What is the Right to Dignity, Independence, and Self Determination?
Patients have the right to make their own choices
What is the Right to High Quality Services?
Patients have the right to quality health services
What is the Right to Clear and Supportive Communication?
Patients have the right to clear communication
What is the Right to be Fully Informed?
Patients have the right to receive all relevant information
What is the Right to Direct Treatment Decisions?
Patients can make decisions about their treatment
What is the Right to Support?
Patients have the right to receive support
What is the Right with Respect to Research and Teaching?
Patients have rights regarding research participation
What is the Right to Make a Complaint?
Patients can file complaints about their care
What is a challenge in the Canadian Health Care System?
Vulnerable populations are not adequately protected
What is another challenge in the Canadian Health Care System?
Long wait times for specialties
What is the focus of Healthcare Reform?
Collaborative interdisciplinary teams
What is the Nursing Act (1991)?
Regulates nursing practice in Ontario
What does the Regulated Health Professions Act (RHPA) do?
Regulates professional procedures for safe care
What is Interprofessional Collaboration?
Developing effective working relationships in healthcare
What is a key element of effective collaboration?
Respect
What is another key element of effective collaboration?
Trust
What is the focus of healthcare reform?
Collaborative interdisciplinary teams rather than single practitioners.
What do nurses contribute to patient care?
Experience, patient advocacy, bedside care, assessment, and daily living assistance.
What is the premise of interdisciplinary healthcare?
No single discipline can fully address complex health and social needs.
What improvements does the Canadian Interprofessional Health Collaborative aim for?
Access to health services, use of specialist resources, health outcomes, patient care, and safety.
What reductions are targeted by the Canadian Interprofessional Health Collaborative?
Complications, hospital stays, caregiver tension, turnover, admissions, clinical errors, mortality rates.
What fields are included in regulated healthcare professionals?
Audiology, Chiropractic, Dentistry, Dietetics, Nursing, Pharmacy, Physiotherapy, and more.
How has the role of the nurse evolved?
From 'doctor’s handmaiden' to healthcare leaders and colleagues.
What shift has occurred in nursing education?
From rote memorization to critical thinking and problem-solving.
What is professional role socialization?
An educational process where student nurses adopt nursing norms, values, and attitudes.
What is the definition of identity development in nursing?
Internalizing nursing culture, including norms, dress, and values.
What is the role of nursing associations?
Political action, advocacy, professional development, addressing issues, policies, and regulation.
What is the representation of the Canadian Nurses Association (CNA)?
National voice for 135,000 nurses across Canada.
Who are the members of the CNA?
Registered practical nurses, psychiatric nurses, independent RNs, retired nurses, nursing students.
What are the objectives of the CNA?
Advance nursing excellence, promote regulation, advocate for a public health system.
What is the first principle of the nursing code of ethics?
Providing safe, compassionate, competent, and ethical care.
What should ethical considerations in relationships with nursing students involve?
Respect, guidance, and kindness.
Where can additional certification information be found?
Look at the CNA for the rest of the Code of ethics.
What should nursing students expect in relationships?
Nice treatment, respect, guidance.
Where can you find the Code of Ethics for nursing?
Look at the CNA.
What can boost nursing resumes?
Additional certification through the CAN.
What does the CNO do?
Establishes and enforces rules for safe nursing practice.
What is self-regulation in nursing?
Nurses maintain competence and fitness to practice.
What are the responsibilities of the CNO?
Define practice, set standards, manage registration, ensure public protection.
What is required for CNO membership?
Completion of recognized curriculum and passing registration exams.
What does the Nursing Act (1991) address?
Conditions for optimal function and controlled acts.
What are controlled acts in nursing?
Specific activities nurses are authorized to perform.
What is one controlled act nurses can perform?
Administering substances by injection or inhalation.
What defines the scope of nursing practice?
Promoting health, assessing, providing care, and treating health conditions.
What is a harm clause?
Prohibits practices that may cause serious bodily harm without proper qualification.
What does the RHPA regulate?
Professional procedures and patient protection across 23 health professions.
What must be ensured before performing a controlled act?
Knowledge, skill, judgment, and accountability.
What is required for students to perform controlled acts?
Clinical supervision is necessary.
What does the scope of practice describe?
General activities and interventions a professional may perform.
What is the harm clause's purpose?
To prevent serious bodily harm from unauthorized health care practices.
What regulations can be made under the Nursing Act?
Registration, entry-to-practice requirements, controlled acts, quality assurance.
What is a directive in nursing?
An order set allowing specific actions in certain situations.
What is a directive in healthcare?
An order set that allows specific actions if certain criteria are met.
What can be ordered if a patient has chest pains?
CT scan, x-ray, if criteria are met.
Can nurses receive delegation for controlled acts?
Yes, they can receive delegation for acts they are not authorized to perform.
What is a nurse responsible for when performing a delegated controlled act?
Responsible for the decision and performance of the act.
What are the 14 Controlled Acts under the RHPA?
Legal acts that healthcare providers can perform under certain conditions.
How many controlled acts can nurses perform under the Nursing Act?
Nurses can perform 5 controlled acts.
What is one controlled act nurses can perform?
Performing a prescribed procedure below the dermis or mucous membrane.
What is another controlled act nurses can perform?
Administering a substance by injection or inhalation.
What must nurses assess before performing a controlled act?
Assess the client or problem.
What is required for nursing students when performing a controlled act?
Supervision by a clinical instructor.
What is interprofessional care?
Collaboration among professionals, patients, families, and communities.
What is a key factor for safe care in nursing?
Collaboration with health team members.
What defines nursing as a profession?
Specialized body of knowledge, autonomy, service orientation, and more.
What are the three categories of nurses in Ontario?
RPN, RN, Nurse Practitioner (RN-EC).
What is the role of a Registered Practical Nurse (RPN)?
Works in partnership with healthcare team to provide nursing services.
What is the role of a Registered Nurse (RN)?
Works in various domains of practice including direct care and education.
What is the role of a Nurse Practitioner (RN-EC)?
Advanced clinical role.
What is the self-regulation of healthcare professionals?
Managing standards, competencies, and disciplinary actions.
Who regulates nurses in Ontario?
The College of Nurses of Ontario (CNO).
What does the CNO manage for nurses in Ontario?
Standards, competencies, codes of ethics, and disciplinary actions.
What is required to become a nurse in Ontario?
Graduate from a recognized nursing program.
What exam must be passed to become a nurse in Ontario?
Canadian Practical Nurse Registration Exam (CPNRE) and CNO Jurisprudence Exam.
What language proficiency is required for nurses in Ontario?
Proficiency in English/French.
What health requirements must nurses meet in Ontario?
Health, conduct, and citizenship requirements.
What must nurses maintain through annual fees?
Registration.
What factors determine the scope of practice for nurses?
Client complexity and risk, nurse's skills, and environmental stability.
What are the two parts of the nursing scope of practice?
Scope of Practice Statement and Authorized Controlled Acts.
What is the practice of nursing defined as?
Promotion of health, assessment, provision of care, and treatment of health conditions.
What are the four aspects of nursing scope of practice?
Promoting health, preventing illness, restoring health, end-of-life care.
What do standards of practice reflect?
The values of the profession.
What do controlled acts refer to?
Activities potentially harmful if performed by unqualified persons.
What is a group defined as?
Two or more people sharing a common purpose.
What are primary groups?
Formed early, influences self-identity and socialization.
What are secondary groups?
Formed later in life, time-limited, and may be voluntary or involuntary.
What influences group size?
Group purpose.
What is the typical size for a therapy group?
5-8 members.
What is the purpose of all groups?
To achieve a goal or purpose.
What are SMART goals?
Specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, time-bound.
What are the five stages of group process?
Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, Adjourning.
What happens in the forming stage of group formation?
Members meet and establish norms and goals.
What occurs during the storming stage of group formation?
Power dynamics and control issues surface; disagreements may arise.
What is the role of norms in a group?
Unwritten code of conduct that ensures safety for members.
What is the role of leadership in a group?
Guides the group towards achieving its goals.
What issues surface in the forming stage of group development?
Power dynamics and control issues.
What is tested during the forming stage?
Boundaries and communication styles.
What begins to emerge in the forming stage?
Personalities.
What may lead to disagreements among group members?
Comparing contributions.
What does the forming stage help the group develop?
Specific norms.
What characterizes the norming stage?
Alignment between individual and group goals.
What do members do in the norming stage?
Hold each other accountable.
What becomes more efficient in the norming stage?
Information exchange.
What drives interactions in the norming stage?
Problem-solving and shared goals.
What are the two main differences between RNs and RPNs?
Educational requirements and scope of practice.
How long do RNs study compared to RPNs?
RNs study longer for greater depth and breadth.
What are some areas RNs have greater knowledge in?
Decision-making, clinical practice, critical thinking, leadership, research utilization.
What is the accountability framework for nurses?
Public, agency, CNO.
What does the 3-factor framework include?
Client, Nurse, Environment.
What does the 3-factor framework impact?
Decision making related to care-provider assignment.
What are client factors in the 3-factor framework?
Complexity of care needs, predictability of outcomes, risk of negative outcomes.
What are nurse factors in the 3-factor framework?
Differences in education, knowledge, leadership, experience.
What are environmental factors in the 3-factor framework?
Nursing practice supports, predictability and stability of the environment.
What is a 'Practice Standard'?
Expectations for nurses that contribute to public protection.
What do Practice Standards provide?
A benchmark for safe care in nursing practice.
What are some examples of Practice Standards?
Code of conduct, confidentiality, documentation, ethics.
What are the characteristics of 'Practice Guidelines'?
Address practice-related issues, focus on client outcomes.
What is the goal of practice guidelines?
Achieve the best outcome for clients.
What is defined as 'Professional Standards'?
Framework for nursing practice and expectations.
How many Professional Standards are there?
Seven.
What are the professional expectations of nurses according to CNO?
Accountability, Continuing Competency, Ethics, Knowledge, Knowledge Application, Leadership, Relationships
What is 'Scope of Practice' in nursing?
Promotion of health and assessment, provision of care, treatment of health conditions.
What are 'Controlled Acts'?
Activities considered potentially harmful if performed by unqualified persons.
How many Controlled Acts can nurses perform?
5 out of 14
What does the National Interprofessional Competency Framework focus on?
Collaboration among professions with common patient and family goals.
What is the CNO definition of leadership?
Enhancing client care by promoting professional practice.
Why is strong leadership vital in nursing practice?
For ensuring patient safety.
What are key traits of effective leaders?
Self-awareness, respect, trust, communication skills.
What is Interprofessional Practice (IPP)?
Continuous interaction between professions focused on collaboration with patients and families.
What does the Canadian Interprofessional Health Collaborative (CIHC) emphasize?
Shared decision-making and leadership.
What is the focus of leadership according to Potter & Perry?
Shared vision, values, strategies, and relationships.
What distinguishes leadership from management?
Leadership involves shared vision and relationships, while management is task-focused.
What should nurses model according to CNO leadership standards?
Values, beliefs, and provide direction to students and UCPs.
What are the types of leaders in nursing?
Formal leaders (appointed) and informal leaders (recognized by peers).
What are qualities of effective leaders?
Commitment to group goals, self-awareness, adequate preparation, open attitude.
What is a quality of effective leaders?
Commitment to group goals.
What is a quality of effective leaders?
Self-awareness and understanding personal biases.
What is a quality of effective leaders?
Adequate preparation and knowledge.
What is a quality of effective leaders?
Open attitude toward group members.
What is a quality of effective leaders?
Understanding of group dynamics.
What is a quality of effective leaders?
Caring, objectivity, and integrity.
What is a quality of effective leaders?
Good listening skills.
What is authoritarian leadership?
Full responsibility for group direction; effective in crises.
When is authoritarian leadership effective?
In crises, such as cardiac arrest.
What is a downside of authoritarian leadership?
Staff satisfaction can be low; difficult to retain staff.
What is democratic leadership?
Involves members in discussions and decision-making.
What is a downside of democratic leadership?
Takes longer to reach decisions.
What is laissez-faire leadership?
Avoids decision-making; disengaged leadership.
When can laissez-faire leadership be effective?
In environments with senior staff to avoid micromanagement.
What is situational leadership?
Flexible; adapts to the needs of the group.
What is transformational leadership?
Leaders inspire through vision and values.
What is quantum leadership?
Extends thinking into the dynamic context of the 21st century.
What do unregulated care providers (UCPs) do?
Provide care without reporting to regulatory bodies.
What are the types of UCPs?
Paid (e.g., PSWs) and unpaid (e.g., family members).
What is a nurse's role with UCPs?
Understand and effectively collaborate with UCPs.
What is the first guideline for delegation?
Right task: Understand the roles of the UCPs.
What is the second guideline for delegation?
Right circumstances: Is the health of the patient appropriate?
What is the third guideline for delegation?
Right person: Are they capable of completing the task?
What is the fourth guideline for delegation?
Right direction/communication: You have the knowledge to assign the task.
What is the fifth guideline for delegation?
Right supervision: Certain situations require assistance.
What is a skill of delegation?
Assess the knowledge and skills of the delegate.
What is a skill of delegation?
Match tasks to the delegate's skills.
What is a skill of delegation?
Communicate clearly.
What is a skill of delegation?
Listen attentively.
What is a skill of delegation?
Provide feedback.
What is a nurse's responsibility with UCPs?
Assess UCP competence for tasks.
What should nurses not assume about UCPs?
Do not assume UCP competence; ensure training and understanding.
What are nursing students not permitted to do?
Delegate tasks.
What does the case study example demonstrate?
Collaboration, advocacy, and conflict resolution.
What leadership indicator involves collaborating with clients?
A. Collaborate with clients and the health care team using communication skills.
What leadership indicator involves providing leadership through role-modelling?
B. Provide leadership through role-modelling and mentoring.
What leadership indicator involves advocating for the client?
C. Advocate for the client.
What is one way to collaborate with clients in healthcare?
Use communication skills
What role does leadership play in nursing?
Provide role-modelling and mentoring
What is a key responsibility of a nurse regarding clients?
Advocate for the client
What should nurses develop to address practice issues?
Solutions and actions to resolve conflict
What are the different domains of nursing practice?
Direct care, education, administration, research, communities
What is a key difference in nursing education levels?
RN vs RPN
What can RNs and RPNs provide healthcare services to?
Individuals, families, groups, communities
What are controlled acts in nursing?
Acts authorized to RNs and RPNs
What is one controlled act that cannot be delegated?
Performing a prescribed procedure below the dermis
What is the first CNO Practice Standard?
Confidentiality and Privacy—Personal Health Information
What is the purpose of CNO Practice Standards?
Guide nursing practice and ensure quality care
What is the role of leadership in nursing management?
Support others to improve client care
What defines formal leaders in nursing?
Placed in leadership positions by the organization
What defines informal leaders in nursing?
Recognized by peers for knowledge and assistance
What is the significance of informal leaders in nursing?
Promote effective teamwork and care
What is the first requirement for a nurse to teach a controlled act procedure to a UCP?
The nurse has the knowledge, skill and judgment to perform the procedure competently.
What is the second requirement for a nurse to teach a controlled act procedure?
The nurse has the additional knowledge, skill and judgment to teach the procedure.
What does the nurse accept accountability for when teaching a procedure?
The decision to teach the procedure after considering risks, benefits, outcomes, safeguards, and other client-specific factors.
What must a nurse determine about the UCP before teaching a procedure?
The UCP has acquired the knowledge, skill, and judgment to perform the procedure.
Can a nurse teach a procedure for more than one client?
Yes, if the factors in Requirements 3 and 4 are conducive.
What must the nurse evaluate regarding the UCP's competence?
The continuing competence of the UCP to perform the procedure.
What should a nurse do if most factors are answered 'no' regarding UCP performance?
Carefully consider the implications and do not have a UCP perform.
What is a key factor in client assessment for UCP performance?
The client has established, well-defined care needs.
What indicates that the client's condition is stable for UCP performance?
The client's condition is well controlled/managed.
What is a requirement for teaching a procedure regarding competence?
The nurse must be competent to perform and teach the procedure.
What should be available to ensure ongoing competence of the UCP?
A mechanism to determine ongoing competence and regularly review the client’s condition.
What supports are needed in the environment for UCP performance?
Clear policies and appropriate resources for consultation or intervention.
Is there a procedure available with potential to perform?
NO
Is there a mechanism to determine ongoing competence?
YES
Who addresses the issues of family concerns in healthcare?
Sonia
Who assists Sonia with communication?
Viola
What type of plans operate on a nonprofit basis?
Provincial and territorial plans
What services must provincial and territorial plans cover?
All insured health care services
Are there out-of-pocket charges for medically necessary services?
Charges exist for extraordinary supplies or nonessential care
What does universality ensure for Canadians?
Access free of discrimination
What does portability enable for insured residents?
Access to health care services in another province without cost
What is a challenge in achieving equity under Medicare?
Discrimination based on race, gender, income, ethnicity, or religion
What does accessibility provide for insured residents?
Reasonable access to health care facilities
What can deter access to healthcare services?
Transportation costs
What is a key component of specialized education in healthcare?
Knowledge, skills, and experience
What influences self-identity in a group?
A primary group formed early in life
What are controlled acts in healthcare?
Activities potentially harmful if performed by unqualified individuals
What does service orientation mean in healthcare?
Working with health team members
What is the behavior of a group called?
Group behavior and communication processes
What activities are considered harmful if performed by unqualified persons?
Potentially harmful activities
Who works with health team members?
One or more health team members
What happens when group boundaries and communication styles are discussed?
They are clarified
What is the minimum level of care acceptable?
High quality of care
What does accountability refer to?
Being called to account for one’s actions
What is the first Right of Delegation?
Right task
What is the second Right of Delegation?
Right circumstances
What is the third Right of Delegation?
Right person
What is the fourth Right of Delegation?
Right direction/communication
What is the fifth Right of Delegation?
Right supervision
What is the health service in Northwest Territories?
Northwest Territories Health and Social Services
What is the federal role in healthcare governance?
Policy setting, regulation, funding, public health initiatives.
What is the provincial role in healthcare governance?
Administration and delivery of services, funding allocation.
What is the professional jurisdiction in healthcare?
Regulation of healthcare professionals and scope of practice enforcement.
What does the Canadian Health Care Act outlaw?
Extra billing or copayments for insured healthcare services.
What are the key principles of the CHA?
Public Administration, Comprehensive, Universality, Portability, Accessibility.
What are examples of Level 4 healthcare services?
Physiotherapy, occupational therapy, social services.
What is the focus of Tertiary Care?
Severe or complex health conditions requiring specialized expertise
What is the Right to Equal Access to Health Care?
Right to receive health care without discrimination
What is the Right to Dignity, Independence, and Self Determination?
Patients have the right to make their own choices
What is the Right to Clear and Supportive Communication?
Patients have the right to clear communication
What is the Right with Respect to Research and Teaching?
Patients have rights regarding research participation
What is a challenge in the Canadian Health Care System?
Vulnerable populations are not adequately protected
What does the Regulated Health Professions Act (RHPA) do?
Regulates professional procedures for safe care
What is the focus of healthcare reform?
Collaborative interdisciplinary teams rather than single practitioners.
What do nurses contribute to patient care?
Experience, patient advocacy, bedside care, assessment, and daily living assistance.
What is the premise of interdisciplinary healthcare?
No single discipline can fully address complex health and social needs.
What improvements does the Canadian Interprofessional Health Collaborative aim for?
Access to health services, use of specialist resources, health outcomes, patient care, and safety.
What reductions are targeted by the Canadian Interprofessional Health Collaborative?
Complications, hospital stays, caregiver tension, turnover, admissions, clinical errors, mortality rates.
What fields are included in regulated healthcare professionals?
Audiology, Chiropractic, Dentistry, Dietetics, Nursing, Pharmacy, Physiotherapy, and more.
How has the role of the nurse evolved?
From 'doctor’s handmaiden' to healthcare leaders and colleagues.
What shift has occurred in nursing education?
From rote memorization to critical thinking and problem-solving.
What is professional role socialization?
An educational process where student nurses adopt nursing norms, values, and attitudes.
What is the definition of identity development in nursing?
Internalizing nursing culture, including norms, dress, and values.
What is the role of nursing associations?
Political action, advocacy, professional development, addressing issues, policies, and regulation.
What is the representation of the Canadian Nurses Association (CNA)?
National voice for 135,000 nurses across Canada.
Who are the members of the CNA?
Registered practical nurses, psychiatric nurses, independent RNs, retired nurses, nursing students.
What are the objectives of the CNA?
Advance nursing excellence, promote regulation, advocate for a public health system.
What is the first principle of the nursing code of ethics?
Providing safe, compassionate, competent, and ethical care.
What should ethical considerations in relationships with nursing students involve?
Respect, guidance, and kindness.
Where can additional certification information be found?
Look at the CNA for the rest of the Code of ethics.
What are the responsibilities of the CNO?
Define practice, set standards, manage registration, ensure public protection.
What is required for CNO membership?
Completion of recognized curriculum and passing registration exams.
What defines the scope of nursing practice?
Promoting health, assessing, providing care, and treating health conditions.
What is a harm clause?
Prohibits practices that may cause serious bodily harm without proper qualification.
What does the RHPA regulate?
Professional procedures and patient protection across 23 health professions.
What must be ensured before performing a controlled act?
Knowledge, skill, judgment, and accountability.
What does the scope of practice describe?
General activities and interventions a professional may perform.
What is the harm clause's purpose?
To prevent serious bodily harm from unauthorized health care practices.
What regulations can be made under the Nursing Act?
Registration, entry-to-practice requirements, controlled acts, quality assurance.
What is a directive in healthcare?
An order set that allows specific actions if certain criteria are met.
Can nurses receive delegation for controlled acts?
Yes, they can receive delegation for acts they are not authorized to perform.
What is a nurse responsible for when performing a delegated controlled act?
Responsible for the decision and performance of the act.
What are the 14 Controlled Acts under the RHPA?
Legal acts that healthcare providers can perform under certain conditions.
How many controlled acts can nurses perform under the Nursing Act?
Nurses can perform 5 controlled acts.
What is one controlled act nurses can perform?
Performing a prescribed procedure below the dermis or mucous membrane.
What is another controlled act nurses can perform?
Administering a substance by injection or inhalation.
What is required for nursing students when performing a controlled act?
Supervision by a clinical instructor.
What is interprofessional care?
Collaboration among professionals, patients, families, and communities.
What defines nursing as a profession?
Specialized body of knowledge, autonomy, service orientation, and more.
What is the role of a Registered Practical Nurse (RPN)?
Works in partnership with healthcare team to provide nursing services.
What is the role of a Registered Nurse (RN)?
Works in various domains of practice including direct care and education.
What is the self-regulation of healthcare professionals?
Managing standards, competencies, and disciplinary actions.
What does the CNO manage for nurses in Ontario?
Standards, competencies, codes of ethics, and disciplinary actions.
What exam must be passed to become a nurse in Ontario?
Canadian Practical Nurse Registration Exam (CPNRE) and CNO Jurisprudence Exam.
What health requirements must nurses meet in Ontario?
Health, conduct, and citizenship requirements.
What factors determine the scope of practice for nurses?
Client complexity and risk, nurse's skills, and environmental stability.
What are the two parts of the nursing scope of practice?
Scope of Practice Statement and Authorized Controlled Acts.
What is the practice of nursing defined as?
Promotion of health, assessment, provision of care, and treatment of health conditions.
What are the four aspects of nursing scope of practice?
Promoting health, preventing illness, restoring health, end-of-life care.
What do controlled acts refer to?
Activities potentially harmful if performed by unqualified persons.
What occurs during the storming stage of group formation?
Power dynamics and control issues surface; disagreements may arise.
What are the two main differences between RNs and RPNs?
Educational requirements and scope of practice.
What are some areas RNs have greater knowledge in?
Decision-making, clinical practice, critical thinking, leadership, research utilization.
What are client factors in the 3-factor framework?
Complexity of care needs, predictability of outcomes, risk of negative outcomes.
What are nurse factors in the 3-factor framework?
Differences in education, knowledge, leadership, experience.
What are environmental factors in the 3-factor framework?
Nursing practice supports, predictability and stability of the environment.
What are some examples of Practice Standards?
Code of conduct, confidentiality, documentation, ethics.
What are the characteristics of 'Practice Guidelines'?
Address practice-related issues, focus on client outcomes.
What are the professional expectations of nurses according to CNO?
Accountability, Continuing Competency, Ethics, Knowledge, Knowledge Application, Leadership, Relationships
What is 'Scope of Practice' in nursing?
Promotion of health and assessment, provision of care, treatment of health conditions.
What are 'Controlled Acts'?
Activities considered potentially harmful if performed by unqualified persons.
What does the National Interprofessional Competency Framework focus on?
Collaboration among professions with common patient and family goals.
What is Interprofessional Practice (IPP)?
Continuous interaction between professions focused on collaboration with patients and families.
What does the Canadian Interprofessional Health Collaborative (CIHC) emphasize?
Shared decision-making and leadership.
What is the focus of leadership according to Potter & Perry?
Shared vision, values, strategies, and relationships.
What distinguishes leadership from management?
Leadership involves shared vision and relationships, while management is task-focused.
What should nurses model according to CNO leadership standards?
Values, beliefs, and provide direction to students and UCPs.
What are the types of leaders in nursing?
Formal leaders (appointed) and informal leaders (recognized by peers).
What are qualities of effective leaders?
Commitment to group goals, self-awareness, adequate preparation, open attitude.
What is a downside of authoritarian leadership?
Staff satisfaction can be low; difficult to retain staff.
When can laissez-faire leadership be effective?
In environments with senior staff to avoid micromanagement.
What is the second guideline for delegation?
Right circumstances: Is the health of the patient appropriate?
What is the fourth guideline for delegation?
Right direction/communication: You have the knowledge to assign the task.
What is the fifth guideline for delegation?
Right supervision: Certain situations require assistance.
What should nurses not assume about UCPs?
Do not assume UCP competence; ensure training and understanding.
What leadership indicator involves collaborating with clients?
A. Collaborate with clients and the health care team using communication skills.
What leadership indicator involves providing leadership through role-modelling?
B. Provide leadership through role-modelling and mentoring.
What are the different domains of nursing practice?
Direct care, education, administration, research, communities
What is one controlled act that cannot be delegated?
Performing a prescribed procedure below the dermis
What is the first requirement for a nurse to teach a controlled act procedure to a UCP?
The nurse has the knowledge, skill and judgment to perform the procedure competently.
What is the second requirement for a nurse to teach a controlled act procedure?
The nurse has the additional knowledge, skill and judgment to teach the procedure.
What does the nurse accept accountability for when teaching a procedure?
The decision to teach the procedure after considering risks, benefits, outcomes, safeguards, and other client-specific factors.
What must a nurse determine about the UCP before teaching a procedure?
The UCP has acquired the knowledge, skill, and judgment to perform the procedure.
Can a nurse teach a procedure for more than one client?
Yes, if the factors in Requirements 3 and 4 are conducive.
What must the nurse evaluate regarding the UCP's competence?
The continuing competence of the UCP to perform the procedure.
What should a nurse do if most factors are answered 'no' regarding UCP performance?
Carefully consider the implications and do not have a UCP perform.
What is a key factor in client assessment for UCP performance?
The client has established, well-defined care needs.
What indicates that the client's condition is stable for UCP performance?
The client's condition is well controlled/managed.
What is a requirement for teaching a procedure regarding competence?
The nurse must be competent to perform and teach the procedure.
What should be available to ensure ongoing competence of the UCP?
A mechanism to determine ongoing competence and regularly review the client’s condition.
What supports are needed in the environment for UCP performance?
Clear policies and appropriate resources for consultation or intervention.
Are there out-of-pocket charges for medically necessary services?
Charges exist for extraordinary supplies or nonessential care
What does portability enable for insured residents?
Access to health care services in another province without cost
What is a challenge in achieving equity under Medicare?
Discrimination based on race, gender, income, ethnicity, or religion
What are controlled acts in healthcare?
Activities potentially harmful if performed by unqualified individuals
What activities are considered harmful if performed by unqualified persons?
Potentially harmful activities
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