What fundamental dynamic does sport involve according to the notes?
What threat is described as ever-present and able to distort sport results?
How many answers to the point of sport are listed in the notes?
What is the first answer to the point of sport listed in the notes?
Which myth is said to inspire the athletic ideal of modern athletes?
How does Savulescu characterize performance enhancement in sport?
According to Tamburrini, what drives professional sport?
What does Tamburrini say about banned doping substances and techniques?
What counterexamples to the 'quest for extreme feats' view are mentioned?
How is the definition noted as being 'modified' in the text?
Which virtuous attributes does the text say sport should focus on rewarding?
What did Mehlman argue about rejecting talent in sport?
Mehlman argues that sport could 'reject talent as an acceptable basis for differences in performance regardless of how the talent was acquired'
What example does the text give of classification to ensure fairness in Paralympic sprinting?
Paralympic 100m final had 30 different heats, to account for broad distinctions in impairments and severities
What alternative view accepts natural talents as central to sporting excellence?
Sport should also embrace natural talents as an inescapable component of excellence in sport
How does Juengst describe the celebration of human variation within sport?
Juengst argues that 'within any one sprot, the celebration of human variation is always comparative and hierarchical. The spirit of sport, then, is the celebration of the differences in human talents and virtues that allow athletes to honourable and beautifully accomplish achievements that place them higher in a hierarchy of human excellence than their competition'
How does Tansjo characterise elite sport's view of justice?
Elite sport embodies a ‘Nietzchean view of justice, according to which it is unfair if those who are less fit pool thei resources and rob the genuinely strong Ubermensch of his genetic advantage... Nowhere else in civilized society are we prepared tro live with this notion of justice' (Tansjo 2009 р 325)
How is the 'ethos of elite sport' argument described compared to the 'Virtuous perfection' view?
The ethos of elite sport argument that genetics should be decisive and we should eliminate other differences is strikingly different from the Virtuous perfection of natural talents
What important factor does 'his account' omit according to the text?
His account includes only one component - natural talent - and ignores the extraordinary importance of what athletes must do in order to hone those talents for successful competition.
Why does the text say there is no singular 'ubermentsch'?
Moreover, the diversity of sports means that there is no singular ubermentsch, no wholly genetically superior
According to the text, how does sport's variety affect genetic hierarchies and success?
Taken in their totality, sports have no specific genetic hierarchy because their variety allows people of all different genetic predispositions to succeed; Tansjo and Juengst's concerns should not be taken seriously.
What aspect of athletes' efforts does public discourse celebrate, according to the text?
Public discourse celebrates the morally valuable things athletes do to perfect their talents, valuing the struggle in improvement and the rewards that stem from such efforts.
What does the text say about deriving a view of genetic inferiority from a few observations?
The text states it is a great and unwarranted leap from a handful of uncontroversial observations to the dire proposition that sport fosters a socially perilous view of genetic inferiority.
How does Murray describe the point of sport in the text?
Murray says 'The most plausible account of the point of sport is as a vehicle to encourage and celebrate the virtuous perfection of natural talents.'
What governance-related claim does Murray make about sport?
He argues that sport 'urgently needs reforms in governance along with a clear articulation of its moral foundation.'
What does Rawls claim about natural talents and traits of character in the text?
Rawls goes beyond anti-doping critics to claim that not only natural talents but also traits of character are undeserved.
Which primary social goods does Rawls list in the text?
What additional personal goods does Rawls mention as part of the social structure enabling success?
He mentions also self worth and self respect, which he posits are part of a social structure that enable success.
How does enjoyment relate to realized capacities according to the text's Rawlsian claim?
Other things equal, human beings enjoy the exercise of their realized capacities, and this enjoyment increases the more the capacity is realized.
Why must the Aristotelian Principle be included in the design of social institutions?
How do forms of life that absorb men's energies and pastimes tend to develop?
What do social practices and cooperative activities increasingly call forth as they are built up through the imagination of many individuals?
According to the text, excellence in sport is the joint product of what?
What examples of exploitation and injustice in sport are given?
How does the author describe failures in sport governance and the need to address them?
On what must understanding the ethics of doping be grounded, according to the text?
What form of justification does the author say the understanding of sport must rely on (invoking Rawls)?
What fundamental dynamic does sport involve according to the notes?
How does Savulescu characterize performance enhancement in sport?
According to Tamburrini, what drives professional sport?
What does Tamburrini say about banned doping substances and techniques?
What counterexamples to the 'quest for extreme feats' view are mentioned?
How is the definition noted as being 'modified' in the text?
Which virtuous attributes does the text say sport should focus on rewarding?
What did Mehlman argue about rejecting talent in sport?
Mehlman argues that sport could 'reject talent as an acceptable basis for differences in performance regardless of how the talent was acquired'
What example does the text give of classification to ensure fairness in Paralympic sprinting?
Paralympic 100m final had 30 different heats, to account for broad distinctions in impairments and severities
What alternative view accepts natural talents as central to sporting excellence?
Sport should also embrace natural talents as an inescapable component of excellence in sport
How does Juengst describe the celebration of human variation within sport?
Juengst argues that 'within any one sprot, the celebration of human variation is always comparative and hierarchical. The spirit of sport, then, is the celebration of the differences in human talents and virtues that allow athletes to honourable and beautifully accomplish achievements that place them higher in a hierarchy of human excellence than their competition'
How does Tansjo characterise elite sport's view of justice?
Elite sport embodies a ‘Nietzchean view of justice, according to which it is unfair if those who are less fit pool thei resources and rob the genuinely strong Ubermensch of his genetic advantage... Nowhere else in civilized society are we prepared tro live with this notion of justice' (Tansjo 2009 р 325)
How is the 'ethos of elite sport' argument described compared to the 'Virtuous perfection' view?
The ethos of elite sport argument that genetics should be decisive and we should eliminate other differences is strikingly different from the Virtuous perfection of natural talents
What important factor does 'his account' omit according to the text?
His account includes only one component - natural talent - and ignores the extraordinary importance of what athletes must do in order to hone those talents for successful competition.
Why does the text say there is no singular 'ubermentsch'?
Moreover, the diversity of sports means that there is no singular ubermentsch, no wholly genetically superior
According to the text, how does sport's variety affect genetic hierarchies and success?
Taken in their totality, sports have no specific genetic hierarchy because their variety allows people of all different genetic predispositions to succeed; Tansjo and Juengst's concerns should not be taken seriously.
What aspect of athletes' efforts does public discourse celebrate, according to the text?
Public discourse celebrates the morally valuable things athletes do to perfect their talents, valuing the struggle in improvement and the rewards that stem from such efforts.
What does the text say about deriving a view of genetic inferiority from a few observations?
The text states it is a great and unwarranted leap from a handful of uncontroversial observations to the dire proposition that sport fosters a socially perilous view of genetic inferiority.
How does Murray describe the point of sport in the text?
Murray says 'The most plausible account of the point of sport is as a vehicle to encourage and celebrate the virtuous perfection of natural talents.'
What governance-related claim does Murray make about sport?
He argues that sport 'urgently needs reforms in governance along with a clear articulation of its moral foundation.'
What does Rawls claim about natural talents and traits of character in the text?
Rawls goes beyond anti-doping critics to claim that not only natural talents but also traits of character are undeserved.
Which primary social goods does Rawls list in the text?
What additional personal goods does Rawls mention as part of the social structure enabling success?
He mentions also self worth and self respect, which he posits are part of a social structure that enable success.
How does enjoyment relate to realized capacities according to the text's Rawlsian claim?
Other things equal, human beings enjoy the exercise of their realized capacities, and this enjoyment increases the more the capacity is realized.
Why must the Aristotelian Principle be included in the design of social institutions?
How do forms of life that absorb men's energies and pastimes tend to develop?
What do social practices and cooperative activities increasingly call forth as they are built up through the imagination of many individuals?
According to the text, excellence in sport is the joint product of what?
What examples of exploitation and injustice in sport are given?
How does the author describe failures in sport governance and the need to address them?
On what must understanding the ethics of doping be grounded, according to the text?
What form of justification does the author say the understanding of sport must rely on (invoking Rawls)?
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