Modern British architects like _______, _______, and _______ work on major projects in the _______ and around the _______.

Modern British architects like Sir Norman Foster, Lord (Richard) Rogers, and Dame Zaha Hadid work on major projects in the UK and around the world.

In the 18th century, _______ designed grounds around country houses to appear _______ with grass, trees, and lakes.

In the 18th century, Lancelot ‘Capability’ Brown designed grounds around country houses to appear natural with grass, trees, and lakes.

_______ often collaborated with _______ to create _______ around houses.

Gertrude Jekyll often collaborated with Edwin Lutyens to create colourful gardens around houses.

The _______ is an annual event that showcases garden design from _______ and around the _______.

The Chelsea Flower Show is an annual event that showcases garden design from Britain and around the world.

Notable British designers include _______ (furniture), _______ (Art Deco ceramics), and _______ (interior design).

Notable British designers include Thomas Chippendale (furniture), Clarice Cliff (Art Deco ceramics), and Sir Terence Conran (interior design).

Leading fashion designers include _______, _______, and _______.

Leading fashion designers include Mary Quant, Alexander McQueen, and Vivienne Westwood.

Several British writers, including _______, _______, and _______, have won the _______.

Several British writers, including Sir William Golding, Seamus Heaney, and Harold Pinter, have won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

_______ is known for her detective stories, while _______ introduced _______.

Agatha Christie is known for her detective stories, while Ian Fleming introduced James Bond.

In 2003, _______ by _______ was voted the country's best-loved novel.

In 2003, The Lord of the Rings by JRR Tolkien was voted the country's best-loved novel.

The _______ has been awarded annually since _______ for the best fiction novel by an author from the _______, _______, or _______.

The Man Booker Prize for Fiction has been awarded annually since 1968 for the best fiction novel by an author from the Commonwealth, Ireland, or Zimbabwe.

_______ (1775–1817) wrote novels like _______ and _______, focusing on marriage and family relationships.

Jane Austen (1775–1817) wrote novels like Pride and Prejudice and Sense and Sensibility, focusing on marriage and family relationships.

_______ (1812–70) is famous for novels like _______ and _______, with characters like _______ and _______.

Charles Dickens (1812–70) is famous for novels like Oliver Twist and Great Expectations, with characters like Scrooge and Mr Micawber.

_______ (1850–94) wrote famous books such as _______, _______, and _______.

Robert Louis Stevenson (1850–94) wrote famous books such as Treasure Island, Kidnapped, and Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde.

_______ (1840–1928) focused on rural society in novels like _______ and _______.

Thomas Hardy (1840–1928) focused on rural society in novels like Far from the Madding Crowd and Jude the Obscure.

_______ (1859–1930) is best known for his stories about _______, one of the first fictional detectives.

Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (1859–1930) is best known for his stories about Sherlock Holmes, one of the first fictional detectives.

_______ (1903–66) wrote satirical novels, including _______ and _______.

Evelyn Waugh (1903–66) wrote satirical novels, including Decline and Fall and Brideshead Revisited.

_______ (1922–95) was an English novelist known for his book _______.

Sir Kingsley Amis (1922–95) was an English novelist known for his book Lucky Jim.

_______ (1904–91) wrote novels influenced by his religious beliefs, including _______ and _______.

Graham Greene (1904–91) wrote novels influenced by his religious beliefs, including The Heart of the Matter and Brighton Rock.

_______ (1965–) is famous for the _______ series, which has enjoyed huge international success.

J K Rowling (1965–) is famous for the Harry Potter series, which has enjoyed huge international success.

The _______ tells of its hero's battles against monsters and is still translated into modern _______.

The Anglo-Saxon poem Beowulf tells of its hero's battles against monsters and is still translated into modern English.

_______ and _______ are examples of _______ poetry.

Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight are examples of Middle Ages poetry.

Shakespeare wrote many _______ and some _______.

Shakespeare wrote many sonnets and some longer poems.

John Milton wrote _______ inspired by his _______ views.

John Milton wrote Paradise Lost inspired by his Protestant views.

William Wordsworth was inspired by _______ in his poetry.

William Wordsworth was inspired by nature in his poetry.

Sir Walter Scott wrote poems inspired by _______ and traditional stories.

Sir Walter Scott wrote poems inspired by Scotland and traditional stories.

Poetry was very popular in the _______ with poets like _______ and _______.

Poetry was very popular in the 19th century with poets like William Blake and John Keats.

Wilfred Owen and Siegfried Sassoon wrote about their experiences in _______.

Wilfred Owen and Siegfried Sassoon wrote about their experiences in the First World War.

Some well-known poets are buried in _______ in Westminster Abbey.

Some well-known poets are buried in Poet’s Corner in Westminster Abbey.

Famous lines by Robert Browning include: ‘Oh, to be in _______ now that _______ there.’

Famous lines by Robert Browning include: ‘Oh, to be in England now that April’s there.’

Lord Byron wrote, ‘She walks in _______, like the night of _______.’

Lord Byron wrote, ‘She walks in beauty, like the night of cloudless climes.’

William Wordsworth wrote, ‘I wander’d lonely as a _______ that floats on high o’er _______.’

William Wordsworth wrote, ‘I wander’d lonely as a cloud that floats on high o’er vales and hills.’

William Blake's famous line is, ‘_______ Burning bright in the forests of the night.’

William Blake's famous line is, ‘Tyger! Tyger! Burning bright in the forests of the night.’

Wilfred Owen wrote, ‘What _______ for these who die as _______?’

Wilfred Owen wrote, ‘What passing-bells for these who die as cattle?’

People in the UK spend their leisure time in many different _______.

People in the UK spend their leisure time in many different ways.

Many people in the UK enjoy _______, often tending to their own gardens.

Many people in the UK enjoy gardening, often tending to their own gardens.

Famous gardens to visit include _______, _______, and _______.

Famous gardens to visit include Kew Gardens, Sissinghurst, and Hidcote.

The flowers associated with each part of the UK are: England – _______, Scotland – _______, Wales – _______, Northern Ireland – _______.

The flowers associated with each part of the UK are: England – rose, Scotland – thistle, Wales – daffodil, Northern Ireland – shamrock.

Shopping areas in the UK are often called the _______.

Shopping areas in the UK are often called the town centre.

Most shops in the UK are open _______, but hours may be reduced on Sundays.

Most shops in the UK are open seven days a week, but hours may be reduced on Sundays.

Many people in the UK enjoy _______ and preparing food.

Many people in the UK enjoy cooking and preparing food.

In the UK, public holidays are generally _______. Many towns also have _______ on one or more days a week, where stallholders sell a variety of goods.

In the UK, public holidays are generally reduced. Many towns also have markets on one or more days a week, where stallholders sell a variety of goods.

Many people in the UK enjoy _______ and often invite each other to their homes for _______.

Many people in the UK enjoy cooking and often invite each other to their homes for dinner.

Traditional food in _______ includes _______ served with potatoes, vegetables, and _______.

Traditional food in England includes Roast beef served with potatoes, vegetables, and Yorkshire puddings.

In _______, a traditional snack called _______ is made from flour, dried fruits, and spices.

In Wales, a traditional snack called Welsh cakes is made from flour, dried fruits, and spices.

_______ is known for _______, which is a sheep’s stomach stuffed with offal, suet, onions, and oatmeal.

Scotland is known for Haggis, which is a sheep’s stomach stuffed with offal, suet, onions, and oatmeal.

The _______ is a traditional meal from _______ that includes bacon, eggs, sausage, and various breads.

The Ulster fry is a traditional meal from Northern Ireland that includes bacon, eggs, sausage, and various breads.

The UK has had a major influence on modern _______, with films first shown publicly in _______.

The UK has had a major influence on modern cinema, with films first shown publicly in 1896.

British filmmakers became famous for clever _______, an area of expertise since the early days of cinema.

British filmmakers became famous for clever special effects, an area of expertise since the early days of cinema.

_______ became famous in silent movies for his _______ and had a career in Hollywood.

Sir Charles Chaplin became famous in silent movies for his tramp character and had a career in Hollywood.

Eminent directors like _______ left for Hollywood but remained important until his death in _______.

Eminent directors like Sir Alfred Hitchcock left for Hollywood but remained important until his death in 1980.

British comedies in the _______ and _______ included films like _______ and _______.

British comedies in the 1950s and 1960s included films like Passport to Pimlico and The Ladykillers.

Many films produced in the UK are made by _______, utilizing British expertise.

Many films produced in the UK are made by foreign companies, utilizing British expertise.

The _______ and _______ franchises are among the most commercially successful films produced in the UK.

The Harry Potter and James Bond franchises are among the most commercially successful films produced in the UK.

_______ is claimed to be the oldest continuously working film studio facility in the _______.

Ealing Studios is claimed to be the oldest continuously working film studio facility in the world.

Nick Park, known for his animated films, has won _______, including three for films featuring _______.

Nick Park, known for his animated films, has won four Oscars, including three for films featuring Wallace and Gromit.

Actors like _______ and _______ starred in a variety of popular films, winning awards worldwide.

Actors like Sir Lawrence Olivier and David Niven starred in a variety of popular films, winning awards worldwide.

Recent British actors who won Oscars include _______, _______, and _______.

Recent British actors who won Oscars include Colin Firth, Dame Judi Dench, and Tilda Swinton.

The _______ (BAFTA) are the British equivalent of the _______.

The British Academy Film Awards (BAFTA) are the British equivalent of the Oscars.

Famous British films include _______ (1935) directed by _______ and _______ (1945) directed by _______.

Famous British films include The 39 Steps (1935) directed by Alfred Hitchcock and Brief Encounter (1945) directed by David Lean.

_______ (1962) and _______ (1994) are notable British films directed by _______ and _______ respectively.

Lawrence of Arabia (1962) and Four Weddings and a Funeral (1994) are notable British films directed by David Lean and Mike Newell respectively.

British comedy traditions include _______, showcasing the ability to laugh at societal norms.

British comedy traditions include satire, showcasing the ability to laugh at societal norms.

The film _______ was directed by _______ in _______.

The film Four Weddings and a Funeral was directed by Mike Newell in 1994.

_______ is a film directed by _______ released in _______.

Touching the Void is a film directed by Kevin MacDonald released in 2003.

British comedy emphasizes the traditions of _______ and _______, reflecting the UK character.

British comedy emphasizes the traditions of comedy and satire, reflecting the UK character.

In medieval times, _______ entertained kings and nobles by making fun of people in the _______.

In medieval times, jesters entertained kings and nobles by making fun of people in the Court.

_______ included comic characters in his plays during the _______ period.

Shakespeare included comic characters in his plays during the Renaissance period.

In the _______, political cartoons became popular, often targeting _______ and the _______.

In the 18th century, political cartoons became popular, often targeting politicians and the Royal Family.

The satirical magazine _______ was first published in the _______.

The satirical magazine Punch was first published in the 1840s.

_______ is a magazine that continues the tradition of _______ in the UK.

Private Eye is a magazine that continues the tradition of satire in the UK.

British _______ featured comedians before television became the leading form of _______.

British music halls featured comedians before television became the leading form of entertainment.

Comedians like _______ became stars of _______ after performing in music halls.

Comedians like Morecambe and Wise became stars of television after performing in music halls.

_______ or _______ often explore family life and workplace relationships.

Situation comedies or sitcoms often explore family life and workplace relationships.

_______ and _______ are examples of _______ TV shows from the UK.

That Was The Week That Was and Spitting Image are examples of satirical TV shows from the UK.

_______ introduced a new type of _______ in _______.

Monty Python’s Flying Circus introduced a new type of progressive comedy in 1969.

_______ has gained popularity in recent years as a form of live entertainment.

Stand-up comedy has gained popularity in recent years as a form of live entertainment.

In the UK, a _______ is required to watch TV, computer, or other media.

In the UK, a television licence is required to watch TV, computer, or other media.

People over _______ can apply for a free TV licence, while blind people get a _______.

People over 75 can apply for a free TV licence, while blind people get a 50% discount.

The _______ is funded by TV licences and is the largest broadcaster in the _______.

The BBC is funded by TV licences and is the largest broadcaster in the world.

Unlike the BBC, other UK channels are primarily funded through _______ and _______.

Unlike the BBC, other UK channels are primarily funded through advertisements and subscriptions.

There are many different _______ in the UK, some broadcasting nationally and others regionally.

There are many different radio stations in the UK, some broadcasting nationally and others regionally.

BBC radio stations are also funded by _______, while others rely on _______.

BBC radio stations are also funded by TV licences, while others rely on advertisements.

Social networking sites like _______ and _______ help people stay in touch and share _______.

Social networking sites like Facebook and Twitter help people stay in touch and share opinions.

_______ are a significant part of UK social culture, serving as local gathering spots for friends.

Pubs are a significant part of UK social culture, serving as local gathering spots for friends.

Most communities in the UK have a _______ that acts as a focal point for social activities.

Most communities in the UK have a local pub that acts as a focal point for social activities.

In the UK, people must be _______ or over to buy alcohol in a pub or night club. People under that age may be allowed in some pubs with an _______.

In the UK, people must be 18 or over to buy alcohol in a pub or night club. People under that age may be allowed in some pubs with an adult.

At age _______, people can drink _______ or _______ with a meal in a hotel or restaurant if accompanied by someone over _______.

At age 16, people can drink wine or beer with a meal in a hotel or restaurant if accompanied by someone over 18.

Pubs usually open during the day from _______ (or _______ on Sundays). Night clubs typically open and close _______ than pubs.

Pubs usually open during the day from 11.00 am (or 12 noon on Sundays). Night clubs typically open and close later than pubs.

In the UK, you have to be _______ to enter betting shops or gambling clubs. There is a _______ with weekly draws.

In the UK, you have to be 18 to enter betting shops or gambling clubs. There is a National Lottery with weekly draws.

People under _______ are not allowed to participate in the _______.

People under 16 are not allowed to participate in the National Lottery.

In the UK, it is against the law to treat a pet _______ or to _______ it.

In the UK, it is against the law to treat a pet cruelly or to neglect it.

All dogs in public must wear a _______ showing the owner's name and address. The owner is responsible for keeping the dog _______.

All dogs in public must wear a collar showing the owner's name and address. The owner is responsible for keeping the dog under control.

Vaccinations and medical treatment for animals are available from _______ (vets).

Vaccinations and medical treatment for animals are available from veterinary surgeons (vets).

The UK has a large network of public _______ in the countryside, with opportunities for mountain biking and _______.

The UK has a large network of public footpaths in the countryside, with opportunities for mountain biking and hill walking.

The UK has _______ in England, Wales, and Scotland that are areas of protected countryside.

The UK has 15 national parks in England, Wales, and Scotland that are areas of protected countryside.

The _______ works to preserve important buildings and countryside in the UK and was founded in _______.

The National Trust works to preserve important buildings and countryside in the UK and was founded in 1895.

_______ is the nickname for the great bell of the clock at the _______ in London, which is over _______.

Big Ben is the nickname for the great bell of the clock at the Houses of Parliament in London, which is over 150 years old.

The _______ in Cornwall houses plants from all over the world and runs environmental and social projects.

The Eden Project in Cornwall houses plants from all over the world and runs environmental and social projects.

_______ is a dominant feature of the skyline in Edinburgh, Scotland, with a history dating back to the early _______.

Edinburgh Castle is a dominant feature of the skyline in Edinburgh, Scotland, with a history dating back to the early Middle Ages.

The _______ in Northern Ireland is a land formation of columns made from _______, formed about _______.

The Giant’s Causeway in Northern Ireland is a land formation of columns made from volcanic lava, formed about 50 million years ago.

The _______ is a land formation of columns made from _______ formed about _______.

The Giant's Causeway is a land formation of columns made from volcanic lava formed about 50 million years ago.

_______ is the largest expanse of _______ in mainland Britain, located in _______ which covers _______.

Loch Lomond is the largest expanse of fresh water in mainland Britain, located in Loch Lomond and the Trossachs National Park which covers 720 square miles.

The _______ is a _______ located on the southern bank of the _______ and is _______ tall.

The London Eye is a Ferris wheel located on the southern bank of the River Thames and is 443 feet tall.

_______ is a national park in _______ covering _______, with its most famous landmark being _______, the highest mountain in Wales.

Snowdonia is a national park in North Wales covering 838 square miles, with its most famous landmark being Snowdon, the highest mountain in Wales.

The _______ was built by _______ in _______ and is famous for housing the _______.

The Tower of London was built by William the Conqueror in 1066 and is famous for housing the Crown Jewels.

The _______ is England's largest national park at _______, known for its lakes and mountains, with _______ as the largest stretch of water.

The Lake District is England's largest national park at 885 square miles, known for its lakes and mountains, with Windermere as the largest stretch of water.

The UK is a _______ with the _______ as head of state, where the adult population has a say through _______.

The UK is a parliamentary democracy with the monarch as head of state, where the adult population has a say through voting.

In the 19th century, only a small group of men over _______ and property owners could vote, but reforms in _______ extended voting rights to women over _______.

In the 19th century, only a small group of men over 21 and property owners could vote, but reforms in 1918 extended voting rights to women over 30.

The _______ campaigned for six reforms including _______ and for any man to be able to stand as an _______.

The Chartists campaigned for six reforms including secret ballots and for any man to be able to stand as an MP.

The British constitution is a set of _______ governing the country and includes all of the _______ that make up this system.

The British constitution is a set of principles governing the country and includes all of the institutions that make up this system.

In _______, the voting age was reduced to _______ for men and women.

In 1969, the voting age was reduced to 18 for men and women.

A constitution is a set of _______ by which a country is governed, including _______ and _______.

A constitution is a set of principles by which a country is governed, including laws and conventions.

The British constitution is described as _______ because it is not in a single document, unlike the constitutions of _______ or _______.

The British constitution is described as unwritten because it is not in a single document, unlike the constitutions of America or France.

In the UK, the main constitutional institutions include the _______, _______, _______, _______, _______, and _______.

In the UK, the main constitutional institutions include the monarchy, Parliament, Prime Minister, cabinet, judiciary, and police.

Queen _______ is the head of state of the UK and also the monarch for many _______ countries.

Queen Elizabeth II is the head of state of the UK and also the monarch for many Commonwealth countries.

The UK has a _______, meaning the monarch does not rule but appoints the _______ chosen by the people.

The UK has a constitutional monarchy, meaning the monarch does not rule but appoints the government chosen by the people.

The Queen has reigned since _______ and celebrated her _______ in _______.

The Queen has reigned since 1952 and celebrated her Diamond Jubilee in 2012.

The Queen's important ceremonial roles include the _______ of the new parliamentary session and summarising the government's policies in a speech.

The Queen's important ceremonial roles include the opening of the new parliamentary session and summarising the government's policies in a speech.

The National Anthem of the UK is ‘_______’, played at important national occasions.

The National Anthem of the UK is ‘God Save the Queen’, played at important national occasions.

New citizens swear loyalty to the Queen as part of the _______.

New citizens swear loyalty to the Queen as part of the citizenship ceremony.

The _______ includes a pledge to be faithful and bear true allegiance to _______.

The Oath of allegiance includes a pledge to be faithful and bear true allegiance to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth the Second.

The _______ is a solemn declaration affirming loyalty to _______.

The Affirmation of allegiance is a solemn declaration affirming loyalty to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth the Second.

Upon becoming a British citizen, I declare that I will be faithful and bear true allegiance to _______, her _______ and _______, according to law.

Upon becoming a British citizen, I declare that I will be faithful and bear true allegiance to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth the Second, her Heirs and Successors, according to law.

The system of government in the UK is a _______.

The system of government in the UK is a parliamentary democracy.

In a General Election, voters elect their member of Parliament (MP) in _______.

In a General Election, voters elect their member of Parliament (MP) in parliamentary constituencies.

The House of Commons is regarded as the more important chamber because its members are _______.

The House of Commons is regarded as the more important chamber because its members are democratically elected.

The Prime Minister and almost all cabinet members are members of the _______.

The Prime Minister and almost all cabinet members are members of the House of Commons.

MPs have several responsibilities including: - _______ in their constituency - _______ - _______ - _______.

MPs have several responsibilities including: - representing everyone in their constituency - helping to create new laws - scrutinising government actions - debating important national issues.

Members of the House of Lords, known as _______, are not elected by the people.

Members of the House of Lords, known as peers, are not elected by the people.

Until 1958, all peers were either _______, senior judges, or bishops of the Church of England.

Until 1958, all peers were either hereditary, senior judges, or bishops of the Church of England.

Since 1958, the Prime Minister can nominate _______ who have had important careers in various fields.

Since 1958, the Prime Minister can nominate life peers who have had important careers in various fields.

Since 1999, hereditary peers have lost the automatic right to attend the _______.

Since 1999, hereditary peers have lost the automatic right to attend the House of Lords.

The House of Lords can suggest amendments or propose new laws, which are then discussed by _______.

The House of Lords can suggest amendments or propose new laws, which are then discussed by MPs.

The _______ of the House of Commons is the chief officer and is chosen by other MPs in a _______.

The Speaker of the House of Commons is the chief officer and is chosen by other MPs in a secret ballot.

The Speaker keeps order during debates and ensures that the _______ has a guaranteed amount of time to debate issues.

The Speaker keeps order during debates and ensures that the opposition has a guaranteed amount of time to debate issues.

MPs are elected at a _______, held at least every five years.

MPs are elected at a General Election, held at least every five years.

If an MP dies or resigns, a _______ is held in their constituency.

If an MP dies or resigns, a by-election is held in their constituency.

MPs are elected through a system called _______.

MPs are elected through a system called first past the post.

A fresh election, called a _______, is held in a _______.

A fresh election, called a by-election, is held in a constituency.

MPs are elected through a system called ‘_______’.

MPs are elected through a system called ‘first past the post’.

The government is usually formed by the party that wins the _______ of constituencies.

The government is usually formed by the party that wins the majority of constituencies.

If no party wins a majority, two parties may join together to form a _______.

If no party wins a majority, two parties may join together to form a coalition.

Elections for the _______ are held every _______.

Elections for the European Parliament are held every five years.

Elected members of the European Parliament are called _______.

Elected members of the European Parliament are called Members of the European Parliament (MEPs).

Elections to the European Parliament use a system of _______.

Elections to the European Parliament use a system of proportional representation.

All elected members have a duty to serve and represent their _______.

All elected members have a duty to serve and represent their constituents.

You can get contact details for your representatives from your local _______ or from _______.

You can get contact details for your representatives from your local library or from www.parliament.uk.

You can contact MPs by letter or telephone at their _______ or at their office in the _______.

You can contact MPs by letter or telephone at their constituency office or at their office in the House of Commons.

The Prime Minister (PM) is the leader of the political party in _______.

The Prime Minister (PM) is the leader of the political party in power.

The official home of the Prime Minister is _______.

The official home of the Prime Minister is 10 Downing Street.

The Prime Minister can be changed if the MPs in the governing party decide to do so, or if he or she wishes to _______.

The Prime Minister can be changed if the MPs in the governing party decide to do so, or if he or she wishes to resign.

The Prime Minister appoints about _______ to become ministers in charge of _______.

The Prime Minister appoints about 20 senior MPs to become ministers in charge of departments.

The _______ is responsible for the _______.

The Chancellor of the Exchequer is responsible for the economy.

The _______ is responsible for _______, _______, and _______.

The Home Secretary is responsible for crime, policing, and immigration.

The _______ is responsible for managing relationships with _______.

The Foreign Secretary is responsible for managing relationships with foreign countries.

The _______ is the second-largest party in the _______.

The opposition is the second-largest party in the House of Commons.

The leader of the opposition usually becomes Prime Minister if his or her party wins the next _______.

The leader of the opposition usually becomes Prime Minister if his or her party wins the next General Election.

The leader of the opposition appoints senior opposition MPs to be ‘_______’.

The leader of the opposition appoints senior opposition MPs to be ‘shadow ministers’.

Anyone aged _______ can stand for election.

Anyone aged 18 or over can stand for election.

MPs are positioned to be ‘_______’ and form the _______ to challenge the government and put forward _______.

MPs are positioned to be ‘shadow ministers’ and form the shadow cabinet to challenge the government and put forward alternative policies.

Anyone aged _______ can stand for election as an MP, but they need to be nominated by one of the _______ such as the _______, _______, or _______.

Anyone aged 18 or over can stand for election as an MP, but they need to be nominated by one of the major political parties such as the Conservative Party, Labour Party, or Liberal Democrats.

MPs who do not represent any of the main political parties are called _______ and usually represent an _______ important to their _______.

MPs who do not represent any of the main political parties are called independents and usually represent an issue important to their constituency.

Political parties actively seek members of the public to join their _______, contribute to their _______, and assist at _______ for Parliament or local government.

Political parties actively seek members of the public to join their debates, contribute to their costs, and assist at elections for Parliament or local government.

Pressure and lobby groups influence government policy; examples include the _______ representing British business and _______ campaigning on the _______.

Pressure and lobby groups influence government policy; examples include the CBI representing British business and Greenpeace campaigning on the environment.

Civil servants support the government in developing policies and delivering _______. They are chosen on _______ and are _______.

Civil servants support the government in developing policies and delivering public services. They are chosen on merit and are politically neutral.

Local authorities govern towns, cities, and rural areas in the UK, providing a range of services funded by _______ and _______.

Local authorities govern towns, cities, and rural areas in the UK, providing a range of services funded by central government and local taxes.

Many local authorities appoint a _______, who may be the _______ or the effective leader of the administration, with elections held in _______ every year.

Many local authorities appoint a mayor, who may be the ceremonial leader or the effective leader of the administration, with elections held in May every year.

Since _______, powers have been devolved from the central government to Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland, allowing more local control over certain _______.

Since 1997, powers have been devolved from the central government to Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland, allowing more local control over certain matters.

The Welsh government and _______ are based in _______, with elections held every four years using a form of _______.

The Welsh government and National Assembly for Wales are based in Cardiff, with elections held every four years using a form of proportional representation.

The National Assembly has the power to make laws for Wales in _______, including _______ and _______.

The National Assembly has the power to make laws for Wales in 21 areas, including education and training and health and social services.

The Assembly has the power to make laws for Wales in _______, including: - _______ - _______ - _______ - _______.

The Assembly has the power to make laws for Wales in 21 areas, including: - education and training - health and social services - economic development - housing.

Since _______, the National Assembly for Wales has been able to pass laws on these topics without the agreement of the _______.

Since 2011, the National Assembly for Wales has been able to pass laws on these topics without the agreement of the UK Parliament.

The _______ was opened in _______.

The Welsh Assembly building was opened in March 2006.

The _______ was formed in _______ and sits in _______, the capital city of Scotland.

The Scottish Parliament was formed in 1999 and sits in Edinburgh, the capital city of Scotland.

There are _______ of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs), elected by a form of _______.

There are 129 members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs), elected by a form of proportional representation.

The Scottish Parliament can pass laws for Scotland on all matters which are not specifically reserved to the _______.

The Scottish Parliament can pass laws for Scotland on all matters which are not specifically reserved to the UK Parliament.

The matters on which the Scottish Parliament can legislate include: - _______ - _______ - _______ - _______ - _______.

The matters on which the Scottish Parliament can legislate include: - civil and criminal law - health - education - planning - additional tax-raising powers.

The _______ was opened in _______.

The Scottish Parliament building was opened in October 2004.

A Northern Ireland Parliament was established in _______, but it was abolished in _______.

A Northern Ireland Parliament was established in 1922, but it was abolished in 1972.

The Northern Ireland Assembly was established soon after the _______ in _______.

The Northern Ireland Assembly was established soon after the Belfast Agreement in 1998.

The Northern Ireland Assembly has _______, known as _______ (members of the Legislative Assembly).

The Northern Ireland Assembly has 108 elected members, known as MLAs (members of the Legislative Assembly).

The Northern Ireland Assembly can make decisions on issues such as: - _______ - _______ - _______ - _______ - _______.

The Northern Ireland Assembly can make decisions on issues such as: - education - agriculture - the environment - health - social services.

The UK government has the power to _______, which it has used several times in Northern Ireland.

The UK government has the power to suspend all devolved assemblies, which it has used several times in Northern Ireland.

The Northern Ireland Assembly building is known as _______.

The Northern Ireland Assembly building is known as Stormont.

Proceedings in Parliament are broadcast on television and published in official reports called _______.

Proceedings in Parliament are broadcast on television and published in official reports called Hansard.

The UK has a _______, meaning what is written in newspapers is free from _______.

The UK has a free press, meaning what is written in newspapers is free from government control.

By law, radio and television coverage of the political parties must be _______, giving equal time to rival viewpoints.

By law, radio and television coverage of the political parties must be balanced, giving equal time to rival viewpoints.

The UK has had a fully democratic voting system since _______, with the voting age of _______ set in _______.

The UK has had a fully democratic voting system since 1928, with the voting age of 18 set in 1969.

Adult citizens of the UK, and citizens of the Commonwealth and Ireland who are resident in the UK, can vote in all _______.

Adult citizens of the UK, and citizens of the Commonwealth and Ireland who are resident in the UK, can vote in all public elections.

To vote in a parliamentary, local or European election, you must have your name on the _______.

To vote in a parliamentary, local or European election, you must have your name on the electoral register.

A resident in the UK can vote in all elections except _______.

A resident in the UK can vote in all elections except General Elections.

To vote in a parliamentary, local or European election, you must have your name on the _______.

To vote in a parliamentary, local or European election, you must have your name on the electoral register.

You can register to vote by contacting your local council _______.

You can register to vote by contacting your local council electoral registration office.

The electoral register is updated every year in _______.

The electoral register is updated every year in September or October.

In Northern Ireland, a different system called _______ is used for voting.

In Northern Ireland, a different system called individual registration is used for voting.

Each local authority must make its _______ available for anyone to look at, although this must be supervised.

Each local authority must make its electoral register available for anyone to look at, although this must be supervised.

People vote at places called _______ or polling places in Scotland.

People vote at places called polling stations or polling places in Scotland.

On election day, polling stations are open from _______.

On election day, polling stations are open from 7.00 am until 10.00 pm.

In Northern Ireland, you must show _______ at the polling station.

In Northern Ireland, you must show photographic identification at the polling station.

If you can't get to a polling station, you can register for a _______.

If you can't get to a polling station, you can register for a postal ballot.

Most citizens of the UK, Ireland, or the Commonwealth aged 18 or over can stand for _______.

Most citizens of the UK, Ireland, or the Commonwealth aged 18 or over can stand for public office.

Members of the House of Lords may not stand for election to the _______.

Members of the House of Lords may not stand for election to the House of Commons.

The public can listen to debates in the Palace of Westminster from _______.

The public can listen to debates in the Palace of Westminster from public galleries.

You can find further information on the UK Parliament website at _______.

You can find further information on the UK Parliament website at www.parliament.uk.

In Northern Ireland, elected members known as _______ meet in the Northern Ireland Assembly at Stormont.

In Northern Ireland, elected members known as MLAs meet in the Northern Ireland Assembly at Stormont.

The _______ is located at _______ in _______.

The Northern Ireland Assembly is located at Stormont in Belfast.

To visit the Northern Ireland Assembly, you can contact the _______ or visit the _______ at _______.

To visit the Northern Ireland Assembly, you can contact the Education Service or visit the website at http://www.niassembly.gov.uk/visit-and-learning/visiting/.

In _______, the elected members called _______ meet in the _______ building at _______ in _______.

In Scotland, the elected members called MSPs meet in the Scottish Parliament building at Holyrood in Edinburgh.

You can book tickets or arrange tours at the _______ by contacting them via _______ at _______ or _______ at _______.

You can book tickets or arrange tours at the Scottish Parliament by contacting them via telephone at 0131 348 5200 or email at [email protected].

In _______, elected members known as _______ meet in the _______ in the _______ in _______.

In Wales, elected members known as AMs meet in the Welsh Assembly in the Senedd in Cardiff Bay.

The _______ is an open building where you can book guided tours or seats in the public galleries for the _______.

The Senedd is an open building where you can book guided tours or seats in the public galleries for the Welsh Assembly.

The _______ is an association of countries that support each other and work towards shared goals in _______ and _______.

The Commonwealth is an association of countries that support each other and work towards shared goals in democracy and development.

The _______ is the ceremonial head of the _______, which has _______.

The Queen is the ceremonial head of the Commonwealth, which has 53 member states.

Membership in the _______ is _______ and based on the core values of _______, _______, and the _______.

Membership in the Commonwealth is voluntary and based on the core values of democracy, good government, and the rule of law.

The _______ (EU) was originally called the _______ (EEC) and was established by six countries, including _______ and _______.

The European Union (EU) was originally called the European Economic Community (EEC) and was established by six countries, including Belgium and France.

The UK became a member of the _______ in _______ after initially deciding not to join.

The UK became a member of the EU in 1973 after initially deciding not to join.

In a referendum held on _______, the UK voted to _______ the _______.

In a referendum held on 23 June 2016, the UK voted to leave the European Union.

The _______ has _______ and is responsible for the protection of _______.

The Council of Europe has 47 member countries and is responsible for the protection of human rights.

Unlike the EU, the _______ has no power to make _______.

Unlike the EU, the Council of Europe has no power to make laws.

The _______ has _______, including the UK, and is responsible for the protection and promotion of _______.

The Council of Europe has 47 member countries, including the UK, and is responsible for the protection and promotion of human rights.

The _______ and _______ is the most well-known convention of the _______.

The European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms is the most well-known convention of the Council of Europe.

The UK is part of the _______, an international organisation with more than _______ as members.

The UK is part of the United Nations (UN), an international organisation with more than 190 countries as members.

The UN was set up after the _______ to prevent _______ and promote _______ and _______.

The UN was set up after the Second World War to prevent war and promote international peace and security.

The UN _______ has _______, with the UK being one of _______.

The UN Security Council has 15 members, with the UK being one of five permanent members.

The UK is a member of _______, a group of European and North American countries that agree to help each other if they come under _______.

The UK is a member of NATO, a group of European and North American countries that agree to help each other if they come under attack.

One of the most important responsibilities of all residents in the UK is to know and _______.

One of the most important responsibilities of all residents in the UK is to know and obey the law.

In the UK, every person receives _______ under the law, meaning the law applies in the same way to everyone, regardless of _______.

In the UK, every person receives equal treatment under the law, meaning the law applies in the same way to everyone, regardless of background.

_______ relates to crimes, which are usually investigated by the _______ and punished by the _______.

Criminal law relates to crimes, which are usually investigated by the police and punished by the courts.

_______ is used to settle disputes between _______ or _______.

Civil law is used to settle disputes between individuals or groups.

It is a criminal offence to carry a _______ of any kind, even if it is for _______.

It is a criminal offence to carry a weapon of any kind, even if it is for self-defence.

Selling or buying _______ such as heroin, cocaine, ecstasy and cannabis is _______ in the UK.

Selling or buying drugs such as heroin, cocaine, ecstasy and cannabis is illegal in the UK.

It is a criminal offence to cause harassment, alarm or distress to someone because of their _______ or _______.

It is a criminal offence to cause harassment, alarm or distress to someone because of their religion or ethnic origin.

It is illegal to sell _______ to anyone under the age of _______.

It is illegal to sell tobacco products to anyone under the age of 18.

Smoking in _______ is against the law in nearly every enclosed public place in the UK.

Smoking in public places is against the law in nearly every enclosed public place in the UK.

It is a criminal offence to sell _______ to anyone who is under _______.

It is a criminal offence to sell alcohol to anyone who is under 18.

Some places have _______ where you cannot drink in public, and the police can confiscate alcohol or move young people on from _______.

Some places have alcohol-free zones where you cannot drink in public, and the police can confiscate alcohol or move young people on from public places.

Examples of civil laws include _______, which includes disputes between _______ and tenants.

Examples of civil laws include housing law, which includes disputes between landlords and tenants.

Examples of _______ include: - _______ - _______ - _______ - _______.

Examples of civil laws include: - Housing law - Consumer rights - Employment law - Debt.

The job of the police in the UK is to: - _______ - _______ - _______.

The job of the police in the UK is to: - protect life and property - prevent disturbances - prevent and detect crime.

The police in the UK are independent of the _______ and are organised into separate police forces headed by _______.

The police in the UK are independent of the government and are organised into separate police forces headed by Chief Constables.

In November 2012, the public elected _______ in England and Wales to set local police priorities and budgets.

In November 2012, the public elected Police and Crime Commissioners (PCCs) in England and Wales to set local police priorities and budgets.

Police officers must obey the _______ and must not misuse their authority or commit _______.

Police officers must obey the law and must not misuse their authority or commit racial discrimination.

Police community support officers (_______) usually patrol the streets and support police officers at crime scenes and major events.

Police community support officers (PCSOs) usually patrol the streets and support police officers at crime scenes and major events.

Anyone can make a _______ about the police by going to a police station or writing to the _______.

Anyone can make a complaint about the police by going to a police station or writing to the Chief Constable.

The UK faces terrorist threats from _______ and other groups, including _______.

The UK faces terrorist threats from Al Qa’ida and other groups, including Northern Ireland-related terrorism.

All citizens should feel safe from _______, including religious extremism and _______.

All citizens should feel safe from extremism, including religious extremism and far-right extremism.

If you think someone is trying to persuade you to join an _______ or _______, you should notify your local police force.

If you think someone is trying to persuade you to join an extremist or terrorist cause, you should notify your local police force.

The duties of the _______ include maintaining law and order and enforcing the _______.

The duties of the police include maintaining law and order and enforcing the law.

The role of the _______ is to interpret the law and ensure that _______ are conducted fairly.

The role of the courts is to interpret the law and ensure that trials are conducted fairly.

Judges are responsible for ensuring that trials are conducted _______ and can order changes if a public body is not respecting someone's _______.

Judges are responsible for ensuring that trials are conducted fairly and can order changes if a public body is not respecting someone's legal rights.

In _______, _______, and _______, most minor criminal cases are dealt with in a _______.

In England, Wales, and Northern Ireland, most minor criminal cases are dealt with in a Magistrates' Court.

In _______, minor criminal offences go to a _______.

In Scotland, minor criminal offences go to a Justice of the Peace Court.

Magistrates in England, Wales, and Scotland usually work _______ and do not need legal qualifications but receive _______.

Magistrates in England, Wales, and Scotland usually work unpaid and do not need legal qualifications but receive training.

Serious offences in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland are tried in a _______, while in Scotland, they are heard in a _______.

Serious offences in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland are tried in a Crown Court, while in Scotland, they are heard in a Sheriff Court.

A _______ in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland has _______, while in Scotland, it has _______.

A jury in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland has 12 members, while in Scotland, it has 15 members.

In _______, cases for individuals aged 10 to 17 are typically heard in front of specially trained _______ or a _______.

In Youth Courts, cases for individuals aged 10 to 17 are typically heard in front of specially trained magistrates or a District Judge.

In _______, the _______ is used to deal with children and young people who have committed an _______.

In Scotland, the Children’s Hearings System is used to deal with children and young people who have committed an offence.

_______ handle a wide range of civil disputes, including personal injury, family matters, and _______.

County Courts handle a wide range of civil disputes, including personal injury, family matters, and breaches of contract.

In Scotland, most civil matters are dealt with in the _______. More serious civil cases are dealt with in the _______ in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland, while in Scotland, they are dealt with in the _______ in Edinburgh.

In Scotland, most civil matters are dealt with in the Sheriff Court. More serious civil cases are dealt with in the High Court in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland, while in Scotland, they are dealt with in the Court of Session in Edinburgh.

The small claims procedure is used for claims of less than _______ in England and Wales and _______ in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

The small claims procedure is used for claims of less than £10,000 in England and Wales and £3,000 in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

Small claims can be issued online through _______ (www.moneyclaim.gov.uk).

Small claims can be issued online through Money Claims Online (www.moneyclaim.gov.uk).

You can get details about the small claims procedure from your local _______ or _______.

You can get details about the small claims procedure from your local County Court or Sheriff Court.

Solicitors are trained lawyers who give advice on _______, take action for their clients, and represent them in _______.

Solicitors are trained lawyers who give advice on legal matters, take action for their clients, and represent them in court.

It is important to check a solicitor's _______ and experience before hiring them.

It is important to check a solicitor's specialisation and experience before hiring them.

The Human Rights Act _______ incorporated the _______ into UK law.

The Human Rights Act 1998 incorporated the European Convention on Human Rights into UK law.

Some principles included in the European Convention on Human Rights are the _______, _______, and _______.

Some principles included in the European Convention on Human Rights are the right to life, prohibition of torture, and right to a fair trial.

UK laws ensure that people are not treated unfairly because of their _______, _______, _______, or _______.

UK laws ensure that people are not treated unfairly because of their age, disability, sex, or race.

If you face problems with discrimination, you can get more information from _______ or the _______.

If you face problems with discrimination, you can get more information from Citizens Advice or the Equality and Human Rights Commission.

In the UK, _______ is considered a serious crime, and anyone who is violent towards their partner can be _______.

In the UK, domestic violence is considered a serious crime, and anyone who is violent towards their partner can be prosecuted.

The 24-hour National Domestic Violence Freephone Helpline can be reached at _______.

The 24-hour National Domestic Violence Freephone Helpline can be reached at 0808 2000 247.

_______ (FGM) is illegal in the UK, and practising it is a _______.

Female genital mutilation (FGM) is illegal in the UK, and practising it is a criminal offence.

A _______ occurs when one or both parties do not or cannot give their _______.

A forced marriage occurs when one or both parties do not or cannot give their consent.

The Forced Marriage Protection Orders were introduced in _______ for England, Wales, and Northern Ireland under the _______.

The Forced Marriage Protection Orders were introduced in 2008 for England, Wales, and Northern Ireland under the Forced Marriage (Civil Protection) Act 2007.

In the UK, people must pay _______ on their _______, which includes wages, profits, and pensions.

In the UK, people must pay income tax on their income, which includes wages, profits, and pensions.

The _______ (PAYE) system automatically deducts income tax from employees' wages and pays it directly to _______.

The Pay As You Earn (PAYE) system automatically deducts income tax from employees' wages and pays it directly to HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC).

Self-employed individuals need to pay their own tax through a system called _______.

Self-employed individuals need to pay their own tax through a system called self-assessment.

You can find more information about income tax at _______.

You can find more information about income tax at www.gov.uk/income-tax.

You can find out more about _______ at _______.

You can find out more about income tax at www.gov.uk/income-tax.

For help with taxes, contact the _______ at _______.

For help with taxes, contact the HMRC self-assessment helpline at 0300 200 3310.

Almost everybody in the UK who is in paid work must pay _______.

Almost everybody in the UK who is in paid work must pay National Insurance Contributions.

The money from National Insurance Contributions is used for state benefits like the _______ and the _______.

The money from National Insurance Contributions is used for state benefits like the state retirement pension and the NHS.

Employees have their National Insurance Contributions deducted from their pay by their _______.

Employees have their National Insurance Contributions deducted from their pay by their employer.

Self-employed people must pay their _______ themselves.

Self-employed people must pay their National Insurance Contributions themselves.

Not paying enough National Insurance Contributions may prevent access to benefits like _______.

Not paying enough National Insurance Contributions may prevent access to benefits like Jobseeker’s Allowance.

You can find more guidance about National Insurance Contributions at _______.

You can find more guidance about National Insurance Contributions at https://www.gov.uk/national-insurance.

A _______ is a unique personal account number for recording contributions and tax.

A National Insurance number is a unique personal account number for recording contributions and tax.

All young people in the UK receive a National Insurance number just before their _______.

All young people in the UK receive a National Insurance number just before their 16th birthday.

A non-UK national must have a _______ to work in the UK, but can start work without one.

A non-UK national must have a National Insurance number to work in the UK, but can start work without one.

To apply for a National Insurance number, you may need to contact the _______ (DWP).

To apply for a National Insurance number, you may need to contact the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP).

In the UK, you must be at least _______ to drive a car or motorcycle.

In the UK, you must be at least 17 years old to drive a car or motorcycle.

To get a UK driving licence, you must pass a _______ that assesses knowledge and practical skills.

To get a UK driving licence, you must pass a driving test that assesses knowledge and practical skills.

You need to be at least _______ to ride a _______.

You need to be at least 16 years old to ride a moped.

Drivers can use their driving licence until they are _______.

Drivers can use their driving licence until they are 70 years old.

In Northern Ireland, newly qualified drivers must display an ‘_______ plate for one year after passing the test.

In Northern Ireland, newly qualified drivers must display an ‘R plate for one year after passing the test.

If your driving licence is from the _______, Iceland, Liechtenstein, or Norway, you can drive in the UK as long as it's valid.

If your driving licence is from the EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein, or Norway, you can drive in the UK as long as it's valid.

If your licence is from another country, you can use it in the UK for up to _______ before needing a UK licence.

If your licence is from another country, you can use it in the UK for up to 12 months before needing a UK licence.

If you are resident in the UK, your vehicle must be registered at the _______ (DVLA).

If you are resident in the UK, your vehicle must be registered at the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA).

You must pay an _______ which cannot be passed on when a vehicle changes hands.

You must pay an annual vehicle tax which cannot be passed on when a vehicle changes hands.

If your vehicle is off the road, you must inform DVLA by making a _______ (SORN).

If your vehicle is off the road, you must inform DVLA by making a Statutory Off Road Notification (SORN).

You must have valid _______ to legally drive a vehicle in the UK.

You must have valid motor insurance to legally drive a vehicle in the UK.

To notify the DVLA, you must make a _______. SORN cannot be _______ if the vehicle is sold or given to a new owner.

To notify the DVLA, you must make a Statutory Off Road Notification (SORN). SORN cannot be transferred if the vehicle is sold or given to a new owner.

It is a serious _______ to drive without _______.

It is a serious criminal offence to drive without insurance.

If your vehicle is over _______, you must take it for a _______ test every year.

If your vehicle is over three years old, you must take it for a Ministry of Transport (MOT) test every year.

You must have an _______ if your vehicle is more than _______.

You must have an MOT certificate if your vehicle is more than three years old.

You can find out more about vehicle tax and MOT requirements from _______.

You can find out more about vehicle tax and MOT requirements from www.gov.uk.

In the UK, domestic violence, _______, and _______ are _______.

In the UK, domestic violence, FGM, and forced marriage are illegal.

Becoming a British citizen brings responsibilities but also _______ to participate in your _______.

Becoming a British citizen brings responsibilities but also opportunities to participate in your community.

Shared values and responsibilities in Britain include to _______ and _______.

Shared values and responsibilities in Britain include to obey and respect the law.

You should treat everyone _______, regardless of sex, race, religion, age, disability, class, or _______.

You should treat everyone equally, regardless of sex, race, religion, age, disability, class, or sexual orientation.

When moving into a new house, you should _______ to your _______.

When moving into a new house, you should introduce yourself to your neighbours.

You can help prevent problems with your neighbours by respecting their _______ and limiting noise.

You can help prevent problems with your neighbours by respecting their privacy and limiting noise.

Volunteering and helping your community are important parts of being a _______.

Volunteering and helping your community are important parts of being a good citizen.

People on the electoral register aged _______ can be randomly selected to serve on a _______.

People on the electoral register aged 18–70 can be randomly selected to serve on a jury.

Parents can help in schools by supporting activities or listening to children _______.

Parents can help in schools by supporting activities or listening to children read.