What is the first step in a cardiac arrest emergency?
Check responsiveness: Tap and shout, look for breathing.
What should you do after checking responsiveness in cardiac arrest?
Call for help: Dial emergency services immediately.
What is the CPR ratio for adults?
Start CPR (30:2): 30 chest compressions to 2 rescue breaths.
What is the recommended depth for chest compressions?
5-6 cm, at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute.
What should you do if an AED is available during cardiac arrest?
Use the AED and follow the prompts.
What should you do for a conscious adult who is choking?
Encourage coughing if mild obstruction; perform Heimlich maneuver if severe.
What is the Heimlich maneuver?
Abdominal thrusts: Stand behind, push inward & upward.
What to do if an adult is unconscious and choking?
Lay them down, start CPR (check for obstruction first).
How to manage severe bleeding?
Apply direct pressure with a clean cloth and elevate the limb.
What to do if direct pressure fails for severe bleeding?
Apply a tourniquet 2 inches above the wound, not over a joint.
What is the FAST assessment for stroke?
Face drooping, arm weakness, speech difficulty, time to call emergency.
What should you do during a seizure?
Protect the patient, prevent head injury, do not restrain.
What to do after a seizure?
Place the patient in recovery position (side-lying).
When should you call emergency services after a seizure?
If the seizure lasts >5 mins, multiple seizures, or first-time seizure.
What are the signs of anaphylaxis?
Swelling, difficulty breathing, wheezing, rash.
What is the immediate treatment for anaphylaxis?
Administer epinephrine (0.3–0.5 mg IM, mid-thigh).
What to do for drowning victims?
Remove from water safely, check breathing & pulse, start CPR if absent.
What is the initial step in CPR for drowning victims?
Give 5 rescue breaths before chest compressions.
What to do for hypoglycemia in a conscious person?
Give glucose (juice, sugar, glucose tablets).
What to do for an unconscious hypoglycemic person?
Do NOT give oral food; administer glucagon IM if available.
What is the first aid for burns?
Cool the burn with running water for 10-20 minutes; do NOT use ice.
How to cover a burn?
Cover with a clean dressing; avoid tight bandages.
What to do if there is a suspected spinal injury?
Do NOT move the person unless necessary.
How to immobilize fractures?
Splint the fracture if trained to do so.
What is the first step in an asthma attack?
Sit the person upright.
How to administer an inhaler during an asthma attack?
Salbutamol, 2-4 puffs, repeat every 20 minutes if needed.
What to do in case of heatstroke?
Move to a cooler area, remove excess clothing, cool the body rapidly.
How to treat hypothermia?
Move to a warm place, remove wet clothing, cover with warm blankets.
What to do in case of electric shock?
Do NOT touch the person if still in contact with the power source; turn off electricity first.
What to do if someone has ingested a toxic substance?
Call emergency services; do NOT induce vomiting unless instructed.
What should you NOT do in case of poisoning?
Induce vomiting unless advised by Poison Control.
What is the first step to take if someone is poisoned?
Identify the substance.
Who should you call in case of poisoning?
Emergency Services or Poison Control.
What should you give a conscious person who is poisoned?
Small sips of water if safe.
What are the symptoms of a heart attack?
Chest pain, sweating, shortness of breath.
What should you do for someone having a heart attack?
Make the person sit & rest.
What medication can be given during a heart attack?
Aspirin (300 mg, chewed) if not allergic.
What to do if nitroglycerin is available during a heart attack?
Give it sublingually.
What should you do immediately during a heart attack?
Call emergency services.
What to do in case of an eye injury from chemical burns?
Rinse eye with running water for at least 15 minutes.
What to do if there is a foreign object in the eye?
Do not rub; use clean water to flush it out.
What to do for a severe eye injury?
Cover with a clean bandage and seek help.
What to do in case of snake or scorpion bites?
Keep the person calm and immobilize the limb.
What should you NOT do for snake or scorpion bites?
Do not cut, suck, or apply ice.
What should you do after a snake or scorpion bite?
Seek medical help immediately.
What are the symptoms of a panic attack?
Hyperventilation, dizziness, chest pain.
What to do for someone having a panic attack?
Reassure the person and encourage slow breathing.
What breathing technique can help during a panic attack?
Inhale for 4 sec, hold for 4 sec, exhale for 6 sec.
What to do if someone is drowning in dry conditions?
Send to hospital, even if conscious.
What should you monitor for after a near-drowning?
Monitor for 24 hours.
What is crucial to do in case of a crush injury?
Do not suddenly remove the heavy object.
What should you give for a crush injury if available?
Give IV fluids.
What should you do immediately after a crush injury?
Call emergency services.
What to do in case of evisceration?
Do not push organs back in; cover with sterile dressing.
What is the immediate action for airway obstruction from trauma?
Perform jaw thrust maneuver.
What should you do if trained during airway obstruction?
Insert oropharyngeal airway.
What to do for an amputation?
Control bleeding with a tourniquet if needed.
How to preserve a severed limb?
Wrap in a clean cloth & place in a bag on ice.
What should you do after an amputation?
Rush to hospital for possible reattachment.
What to do if someone has been struck by lightning?
Perform CPR if no pulse.
What should you monitor for after a lightning strike?
Monitor for cardiac arrhythmias.
What to do in case of carbon monoxide poisoning?
Move to fresh air immediately.
What should be administered if available for carbon monoxide poisoning?
Administer oxygen.
What to do if someone has an acute abdomen?
Do not give food or fluids; keep the patient still.
What to do for child or infant emergencies?
Perform 5 back blows + 5 chest thrusts for choking.
What is the CPR technique for infants?
2-finger chest compressions at 100-120/min.
How to cool down a high fever in infants?
Cool down gradually with tepid sponging, NOT ice baths.
What should you always do if unsure in an emergency?
Call emergency services first.
What guidelines should you follow in emergencies?
Follow Basic Life Support (BLS) guidelines.
What personal protective equipment should be used in emergencies?
Use gloves and a mask if available.
What to do if the victim of an accident is conscious and breathing?
Move to safety if possible, control bleeding.
What to do for a victim of an accident with suspected fractures?
Immobilize suspected fractures; avoid moving limbs.
What to check for if the accident victim is unconscious?
Check for spinal injury.
What to do if there is no spinal injury suspicion?
Place the victim in the recovery position.
What should you do if you suspect a fracture?
What to do if the victim is unconscious but breathing?
What to do if there is no breathing & no pulse?
What is the protocol for helmet removal in motorcycle accidents?
What to do for a trapped victim?
What should you do if a victim has been electrocuted?
What to do if there is no pulse/breathing after electrocution?
How to treat hidden burns from electrocution?
What to do if someone is on fire?
How to treat thermal burns?
What to avoid using on thermal burns?
What to do for chemical burns?
How to handle choking in a conscious adult?
What to do for an unconscious choking victim?
What to do in case of strangulation?
What to do for carbon monoxide poisoning?
What to do if a victim is drowning?
What to do if a drowning victim is not breathing?
What to monitor for after a near-drowning?
What to do for fractures?
What to do for spinal injuries?
What to do if CPR is needed for a spinal injury victim?
What to do for a heart attack?
What to do in case of cardiac arrest?
What are the signs of heatstroke?
What is the CPR ratio for adults?
30 Compressions, 2 Breaths
What should you do if an AED is available?
Use it ASAP
What is the first step for heatstroke treatment?
Move to a cool area
How should you cool the body in heatstroke?
Use wet towels, cold water, fans
What should you NOT use for heatstroke?
Ice baths (risk of shock)
What is the first step in hypothermia treatment?
Move to a warm place
What should you do with wet clothing in hypothermia?
Remove and wrap in warm blankets
What should you NOT do in hypothermia treatment?
Rub the skin or use direct heat
What should you do for animal bites?
Wash with soap & water
How to control bleeding from bites?
Apply pressure to control bleeding
What should you seek after a bite?
Tetanus shot & check for rabies risk
What to do for snake bites?
Keep the victim calm & still
How to immobilize a snake bite limb?
Keep it below heart level
What should you NOT do for snake bites?
Cut, suck, or apply ice
What to do for bee/wasp stings?
Remove the stinger by scraping
What to apply after a bee/wasp sting?
Cold compress
What to do if signs of anaphylaxis appear?
Give Epinephrine (0.3-0.5 mg IM) immediately
What is the first step in poisoning cases?
Identify the substance
What should you do in case of poisoning?
Call Poison Control or Emergency Services
What should you NOT do in poisoning cases?
Induce vomiting unless instructed
What position to place unconscious victims?
Recovery position
What to do for severe bleeding?
Apply direct pressure
What to use for applying pressure on a wound?
A clean cloth, gauze, or your hand
What to do if blood soaks through the cloth?
Add more layers—DO NOT remove the first one
What to do with the injured limb during bleeding?
Elevate the limb above heart level
When should you NOT elevate a limb?
If there’s a fracture
How to apply a pressure bandage?
Wrap tightly but not cutting off circulation
When to use a tourniquet?
Only as a last resort
Where to place the tourniquet?
2-3 inches above the wound, not over a joint
What to do after applying a tourniquet?
Note the time it was applied
How often to loosen a tourniquet if help is delayed?
Every 30 minutes
What to do for amputations?
Stop bleeding with direct pressure
What to do if bleeding is uncontrollable in amputations?
Use a tourniquet
How to preserve an amputated part?
Wrap in sterile gauze or a clean cloth
How to store an amputated part?
Place it in a plastic bag and in ice water
What to label the bag with the amputated part?
Victim’s name & time of amputation
How to keep the victim warm after amputation?
Lay them down with legs elevated and cover with a blanket
What to do if a person is unconscious but breathing?
Place in the recovery position
What to check for on an unconscious person?
Medical alert bracelets
What to monitor until help arrives for the unconscious?
Monitor breathing
What to do if an unconscious person is NOT breathing?
Start CPR immediately
What is the CPR method for an adult?
30 Chest Compressions + 2 Rescue Breaths
What to do if an AED is available for an unconscious person?
Use it ASAP
What is the first step in emergency survival tips?
Always call emergency services first if unsure
What is crucial during emergencies?
Time is critical – act fast but stay calm
What equipment should be used if available during emergencies?
Personal protective equipment (gloves, mask)
What should you perform for cardiac arrest?
Basic Life Support (BLS)
What should you do if a person is not breathing?
What to do if there is no pulse?
What should you do for a head injury?
What are the red flags for a head injury?
What to do if a person has a seizure?
What should you do after a seizure ends?
When to call for emergency help during a seizure?
What are the symptoms of hypoglycemia?
What to give for hypoglycemia if the person is conscious?
What to do for unconscious hypoglycemia?
What are the signs of hyperglycemia?
What to do for an asthma attack?
What are the signs of a severe asthma attack?
What is the Chain of Survival for collapse or sudden death?
What to do for crush injuries?
What are the symptoms of anaphylaxis?
What to administer for anaphylaxis?
What to do for exposure to toxic gases?
What is the immediate action for toxic gas exposure?
What should you do for heavy bleeding?
What is the action for amputation?
What to do if someone is unconscious and breathing?
What to do if someone is unconscious and not breathing?
What is the first step for electrocution?
How to treat burn injuries?
What to do for choking (conscious)?
What to do for choking (unconscious)?
What to do during a seizure?
What to do for diabetic hypoglycemia?
What to do during an asthma attack?
What is the treatment for anaphylaxis?
What is the first step in a car/motorcycle accident?
What to assess in a victim of an accident?
What to do if a person is electrocuted?
How to treat thermal burns?
What to do for chemical burns?
What to do for electrical burns?
What is the Heimlich maneuver for a conscious adult?
What to do for an unconscious adult choking?
What should you do for a drowning victim?
What to do after rescuing someone from drowning?
How to treat insect stings?
How to treat an insect sting?
What to do for a snake bite?
Steps for scorpion/spider bites?
What is hypothermia?
How to treat heatstroke?
Signs of heat exhaustion?
What to do for fainting?
How to respond to chest pain (possible MI)?
What to do for fractures/dislocations?
What to do in case of poisoning/overdose?
How to respond to a hanging/attempted suicide?
How to handle hypothermia?
What is the core body temperature for hypothermia?
< 35°C
What should you monitor for after a scorpion/spider bite?
What is a sign of heatstroke?
What to do if someone is unconscious from heatstroke?
What to do for a fracture?
What is the first step for poisoning?
What is the action for chest pain?
What to do if a person has fainted?
What to do after a hanging?
What is the first step in a cardiac arrest emergency?
Check responsiveness: Tap and shout, look for breathing.
What should you do after checking responsiveness in cardiac arrest?
Call for help: Dial emergency services immediately.
What is the recommended depth for chest compressions?
5-6 cm, at a rate of 100-120 compressions per minute.
What should you do if an AED is available during cardiac arrest?
Use the AED and follow the prompts.
What should you do for a conscious adult who is choking?
Encourage coughing if mild obstruction; perform Heimlich maneuver if severe.
What to do if an adult is unconscious and choking?
Lay them down, start CPR (check for obstruction first).
What to do if direct pressure fails for severe bleeding?
Apply a tourniquet 2 inches above the wound, not over a joint.
What is the FAST assessment for stroke?
Face drooping, arm weakness, speech difficulty, time to call emergency.
When should you call emergency services after a seizure?
If the seizure lasts >5 mins, multiple seizures, or first-time seizure.
What to do for drowning victims?
Remove from water safely, check breathing & pulse, start CPR if absent.
What is the initial step in CPR for drowning victims?
Give 5 rescue breaths before chest compressions.
What to do for an unconscious hypoglycemic person?
Do NOT give oral food; administer glucagon IM if available.
What is the first aid for burns?
Cool the burn with running water for 10-20 minutes; do NOT use ice.
How to administer an inhaler during an asthma attack?
Salbutamol, 2-4 puffs, repeat every 20 minutes if needed.
What to do in case of heatstroke?
Move to a cooler area, remove excess clothing, cool the body rapidly.
What to do in case of electric shock?
Do NOT touch the person if still in contact with the power source; turn off electricity first.
What to do if someone has ingested a toxic substance?
Call emergency services; do NOT induce vomiting unless instructed.
What to do in case of an eye injury from chemical burns?
Rinse eye with running water for at least 15 minutes.
What breathing technique can help during a panic attack?
Inhale for 4 sec, hold for 4 sec, exhale for 6 sec.
What personal protective equipment should be used in emergencies?
Use gloves and a mask if available.
What to do if the victim of an accident is conscious and breathing?
Move to safety if possible, control bleeding.
What to do for a victim of an accident with suspected fractures?
Immobilize suspected fractures; avoid moving limbs.
What should you do if you suspect a fracture?
What to do if the victim is unconscious but breathing?
What to do if there is no breathing & no pulse?
What is the protocol for helmet removal in motorcycle accidents?
What to do for a trapped victim?
What should you do if a victim has been electrocuted?
What to do if someone is on fire?
How to treat thermal burns?
What to do for chemical burns?
What to do for an unconscious choking victim?
What to do in case of strangulation?
What to do if a drowning victim is not breathing?
What to do for spinal injuries?
What to do if CPR is needed for a spinal injury victim?
What to do in case of cardiac arrest?
How to keep the victim warm after amputation?
Lay them down with legs elevated and cover with a blanket
What equipment should be used if available during emergencies?
Personal protective equipment (gloves, mask)
What should you do if a person is not breathing?
What should you do for a head injury?
What are the red flags for a head injury?
What to do if a person has a seizure?
When to call for emergency help during a seizure?
What to give for hypoglycemia if the person is conscious?
What to do for unconscious hypoglycemia?
What to do for an asthma attack?
What are the signs of a severe asthma attack?
What is the Chain of Survival for collapse or sudden death?
What to do for crush injuries?
What are the symptoms of anaphylaxis?
What to administer for anaphylaxis?
What is the immediate action for toxic gas exposure?
How to treat burn injuries?
What is the treatment for anaphylaxis?
What is the first step in a car/motorcycle accident?
What to assess in a victim of an accident?
What to do if a person is electrocuted?
How to treat thermal burns?
What to do for chemical burns?
What to do for electrical burns?
What is the Heimlich maneuver for a conscious adult?
What to do for an unconscious adult choking?
What should you do for a drowning victim?
What to do after rescuing someone from drowning?
How to treat insect stings?
How to treat an insect sting?
What to do for a snake bite?
Steps for scorpion/spider bites?
What is hypothermia?
How to treat heatstroke?
What to do for fainting?
How to respond to chest pain (possible MI)?
What to do for fractures/dislocations?
What to do in case of poisoning/overdose?
How to respond to a hanging/attempted suicide?
How to handle hypothermia?
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