Flashcards in this deck (45)

• What are the three parts of the brainstem?

  • Midbrain
  • Pons
  • Medulla oblongata
  anatomy brainstem
• What structure lies upon the clivus of the occipital bone?

  The brainstem.
  anatomy skull
• What covers the dorsal aspect of the brainstem?

  The cerebellum.
  anatomy cerebellum
• How is the midbrain connected to the forebrain?

  It is continuous with the diencephalon rostrally.
  anatomy brain
• Where is the medulla oblongata continuous with the spinal cord?

  Just below the foramen magnum.
  anatomy spinal_cord
• What are the inferior and superior colliculi collectively called?

  The corpora quadrigemina.
  anatomy brain
• What is the function of the inferior colliculi?

  Part of the auditory pathway connecting the inner ear to the auditory cortex.
  anatomy auditory
• What does the superior colliculi do?

  Involved in eye movements, visual processing, and attention.
  anatomy visual
• Where is the cerebral aqueduct located?

  In the midbrain.
  anatomy brain
• What is the tectum?

  The midbrain region posterior to the cerebral aqueduct containing the colliculi.
  anatomy brain
• What does the pons consist of?

  The rostral two thirds of the floor of the 4th ventricle.
  anatomy pons
• Where is the pontomesencephalic junction (PMJ) located?

  Where the midbrain and pons connect.
  anatomy junction
• What part of the brainstem does the medulla oblongata represent?

  The most caudal part of the brainstem.
  anatomy brainstem
• The boundary between the medulla and the spinal cord is at the foramen magnum.
  anatomy brainstem
• The boundary of the medulla and pons is generally marked at the dorsal aspect of the brainstem where the caudal third of the floor of the fourth ventricle constitutes the medulla.
  anatomy brainstem
• The dorsal aspect of the medulla is marked by the dorsal median sulcus and contains the fasciculus gracilis and the fasciculus cuneate.
  neuroanatomy medulla
• The dorsal columns are ascending tracts that begin in the spinal cord and terminate in the medulla at the nuclei called nucleus gracilis and nucleus cuneatus.
  neuroanatomy tracts
• The gracile and cuneate tubercles can be identified in the dorsal aspect of the medulla.
  neuroanatomy tubercles
• What is the shape of the fourth ventricle?

  It is rhomboid or diamond-shaped.
  neuroanatomy ventricles
• Where is the fourth ventricle located?

  On the dorsal aspect of the brainstem.
  neuroanatomy ventricles
• Identify this anatomical diagram.

  
  neuroanatomy brainstem
• What forms the floor of the 4th ventricle?

  • Medulla caudally
  • Pons rostrally
  neuroanatomy 4th_ventricle
• What connects the 4th ventricle to the subarachnoid space?

  Connecting structure: Cerebellopontine angle
  neuroanatomy subarachnoid_space
• What is the median aperture of the fourth ventricle also known as?

  Foramen of Magendie
  neuroanatomy 4th_ventricle foramina
• What forms the lateral walls of the rostral part of the 4th ventricle?

  • Superior cerebellar peduncle
  • Inferior cerebellar peduncle
  neuroanatomy 4th_ventricle
• Where do the walls of the 4th ventricle converge?

  Pontomesencephalic junction
  neuroanatomy 4th_ventricle
• At what junction does the 4th ventricle become continuous with the cerebral aqueduct?

  Pontomesencephalic junction
  neuroanatomy 4th_ventricle
• What is a feature of the ethmoid bone?

  • Cribriform plate: where the olfactory nerve exits the skull
  anatomy ethmoid_bone
• What is a feature of the frontal bone?

  • Frontal air sinus
  anatomy frontal_bone
• Name a feature of the sphenoid bone.

  • Sella turcica: where the pituitary gland lies
  anatomy sphenoid_bone
• What passes through the hypoglossal canal?

  The hypoglossal nerve
  anatomy occipital_bone
• What travels through the foramen magnum?

  • Spinal cord
  • Accessory nerve
  • Vertebral artery
  anatomy occipital_bone
• The features of the ethmoid bone include: - Cribriform plate: where the olfactory nerve exits the skull - Superior and middle concha - Ethmoidal air sinus - Crista galli, where the falx cerebri attaches.
  anatomy ethmoid_bone
• The sphenoid bone features: - Greater and lesser wings - Medial and lateral pterygoid plates - Sella turcica: where the pituitary gland lies - Optic canal - Superior orbital fissure
  anatomy sphenoid_bone
• The occipital bone features include: - Hypoglossal canal: where the hypoglossal nerve travels through - Foramen magnum - Occipital condyle: articulates with C1 - Superior nuchal line: where musculature attaches.
  anatomy occipital_bone
• What is the zygomatic process?

  A feature of the temporal bone where the masseter muscle attaches.
  anatomy bones
• What does the mandibular fossa articulate with?

  The mandible.
  anatomy bones
• Which part of the temporal bone separates the middle and posterior cranial fossa?

  The petrous part.
  anatomy bones
• What is found at the internal auditory meatus?

  The inner and middle ear structures.
  anatomy ear
• What is the function of the carotid canal?

  Passage for the internal carotid artery.
  anatomy blood_vessels
• What does the styloid process provide attachment for?

  Muscles and ligaments of the neck.
  anatomy bones
• What does the stylomastoid foramen transmit?

  Facial nerve.
  anatomy nerves
• What do the parietal bones have foramina for?

  Emissary veins.
  anatomy bones
• What is one of the paired bones of the skull?

  Temporal bones.
  anatomy bones
• Name a type of bone that is not specified in the details provided.

  Nasal bones.
  anatomy bones