Searching...
Flashcards in this deck (73)
  • What are the three names used to classify drugs?

    Chemical name, Brand name, Common name

    Chemical name, Dosage name, Trade name

    Generic name, Brand name, Nickname

    Chemical name, Generic name, Trade name

    pharmacology nursing
  • What is the primary advantage of prescription medications?

    Easy to access

    Maximize therapy

    No provider order needed

    No appointment needed

    pharmacology nursing
  • What is a disadvantage of OTC medications?

    May choose incorrect med

    No need for health care provider

    Lower cost than prescription medications

    Easier to obtain than prescriptions

    pharmacology nursing
  • Which classification classifies a drug by its chemical makeup?

    Pharmacological/chemical classification

    Brand classification

    Generic classification

    Therapeutic/functional classification

    pharmacology nursing
  • What does pharmacokinetics involve?

    What the drug does to the body

    Drug effects on receptors

    Chemical reactions in the body

    Drug movement through the body

    pharmacology nursing
  • What is the first phase of pharmacokinetics?

    Excretion

    Absorption

    Metabolism

    Distribution

    pharmacology nursing
  • Which drug form is absorbed more rapidly in the GI tract?

    Solid form

    Enteric coated pills

    Liquid form

    Sustained-release capsules

    pharmacology nursing
  • What is the process of drug breakdown into small particles called?

    Metabolism

    Absorption

    Disintegration

    Dissolution

    pharmacology nursing
  • What affects drug absorption in the body?

    Type of drug

    Patient's height

    Blood flow, pain, stress

    Time of day

    pharmacology nursing
  • What is the therapeutic classification of Digoxin?

    Antidepressant

    Antibiotic

    Anti-arrhythmic, inotropic, cardiac glycoside

    Analgesic

    pharmacology nursing
  • What is the first pass effect in pharmacokinetics?

    All drugs are absorbed unchanged into the bloodstream.

    Some drugs are metabolized to an inactive form and are excreted, reducing active drug availability.

    Drugs are eliminated without any metabolism.

    Drugs are immediately effective upon administration.

    pharmacokinetics first_pass_effect
  • Which factor does NOT affect bioavailability?

    Route of administration

    Gastric mucosa and motility

    Drug form

    Changes in liver metabolism

    pharmacokinetics bioavailability
  • Which route of administration absorbs the quickest?

    IM (intramuscular)

    SQ (subcutaneous)

    IV (intravenous)

    Oral

    pharmacokinetics administration
  • What is the blood-brain barrier's function?

    Allows all drugs to enter the brain.

    Increases drug absorption in the brain.

    Protects the brain from foreign substances

    Metabolizes drugs within the brain.

    pharmacokinetics blood_brain_barrier
  • What happens to free drugs in the body?

    They bind to proteins and become inactive.

    They are active and can exert pharmacologic effects.

    They are inactive and excreted immediately.

    They accumulate in the liver.

    pharmacokinetics free_drugs
  • What is the half-life (t½) of a drug?

    The time it takes for the amount of drug in the body to be reduced by half.

    The rate at which a drug is absorbed.

    The time it takes for a drug to start working.

    The total duration a drug remains effective.

    pharmacokinetics half_life
  • Where does drug metabolism primarily occur?

    In the lungs

    In the stomach

    In the liver

    In the kidneys

    pharmacokinetics metabolism
  • What is the therapeutic index?

    The amount of drug needed for a specific response.

    The duration of drug action.

    The time it takes for a drug to reach its peak effect.

    The ratio between the toxic dose and the therapeutic dose of a drug.

    pharmacodynamics therapeutic_index
  • What does 'onset' refer to in pharmacodynamics?

    The peak concentration of a drug in the blood.

    The time it takes for a drug to reach minimum effective concentration.

    The total duration of drug action.

    The time it takes for a drug to be eliminated.

    pharmacodynamics onset
  • What is the peak drug level?

    The average concentration of a drug over time.

    The lowest plasma concentration of a drug.

    The highest plasma concentration of a drug at a specific time.

    The concentration of a drug when it is first administered.

    pharmacodynamics peak_level
  • What is the peak time for drug level measurement after IV infusion completion?

    10 to 20 minutes

    15 to 30 minutes

    30 to 60 minutes

    60 to 90 minutes

    pharmacokinetics peak
  • What does a trough drug level indicate?

    Therapeutic range of drug

    Highest plasma concentration of drug

    Lowest plasma concentration of drug

    Average plasma concentration of drug

    pharmacokinetics trough
  • What is required before administering a drug with a trough level?

    Must have trough level

    Must have average level

    Must have therapeutic level

    Must have peak level

    pharmacokinetics trough
  • When should a blood sample for peak be taken?

    30 minutes prior to next dose

    1 hour after next dose

    30 – 60 minutes after completion of IV infusion

    Immediately after infusion

    pharmacokinetics peak
  • What is the role of agonists in pharmacodynamics?

    Inhibit receptors

    Activate receptors

    Block receptors

    Elicit moderate activity

    pharmacodynamics agonists
  • What do antagonists do in pharmacodynamics?

    Activate receptors

    Enhance receptor activity

    Elicit moderate response

    Prevent receptor activation

    pharmacodynamics antagonists
  • What are side effects in pharmacodynamics?

    Secondary drug effects

    Toxic drug effects

    Desired drug effects

    Primary drug effects

    pharmacodynamics side_effects
  • What can angioedema be an adverse effect of?

    Metformin

    Lisinopril

    Aspirin

    Ibuprofen

    adverse_effects drugs
  • What do Black Box warnings highlight?

    Serious adverse drug reactions

    Common side effects

    Drug efficacy

    Drug interactions

    drug_regulations warnings
  • What is tolerance in pharmacodynamics?

    Immediate drug response

    Increased sensitivity to drug

    Unchanged drug response

    Decreased responsiveness to drug over therapy

    pharmacodynamics tolerance
  • What can drug interactions alter?

    Drug form

    Drug color

    Drug effect due to interaction

    Drug price

    drug_interactions pharmacodynamics
  • What is an example of a pharmacodynamic interaction?

    Antagonistic drug effects

    Placebo effects

    Synergistic drug effects

    Additive drug effects

    pharmacodynamics interactions
  • What can food do to drug response?

    Increase, decrease, or delay it

    Always increase it

    Have no effect

    Always decrease it

    drug-nutrient_interactions pharmacodynamics
  • What physiologic change occurs in older adults affecting drug therapy?

    Increase in total body water

    Reduction in kidney mass and function

    No change in blood flow

    Increase in liver mass

    older_adults pharmacodynamics
  • What is polypharmacy?

    Medication overdose

    Medication absence

    Use of multiple medications by a patient

    Single medication use

    older_adults nursing_implications
  • What should be monitored in older adults regarding drug therapy?

    Drug price

    Drug packaging

    Drug color

    Therapeutic range of drugs

    older_adults monitoring
  • What is a key responsibility of nurses regarding medication orders for patients?

    No medication may be given without a licensed practitioner's order.

    Nurses can administer medications without any documentation.

    Patients can refuse medication orders without consequences.

    Medications can be given based on verbal instructions alone.

    nursing medication
  • What is the 'Right Patient' principle in medication administration?

    Administer medication based on patient's request.

    Use only the patient's name for verification.

    Check the patient's ID once.

    Verify patient with two forms of identification.

    nursing medication
  • What percentage of medication errors occur during the administration stage?

    25%

    60%

    10%

    41%

    nursing medication
  • Which of the following is NOT one of the 'Six Rights' of medication administration?

    Right patient

    Right to refuse

    Right drug

    Right dose

    nursing medication
  • What should be checked before administering medications?

    Patient's previous medications

    Patient's allergies

    Patient's age only

    Patient's family history

    nursing medication
  • What is the purpose of using military time in nursing documentation?

    To confuse patients about their medication schedule.

    To eliminate the need for medication charts.

    To allow nurses to work faster.

    To reduce errors in medication administration times.

    nursing documentation
  • What does the 'Right Dose' principle require?

    Verify dosage calculation and safety for the patient.

    Skip verification if the medication is familiar.

    Use the average dose for all patients.

    Administer the maximum dose allowed.

    nursing medication
  • What is a 'standing order' in medication orders?

    An order for emergency medications only.

    A one-time order for a specific medication.

    A routine order for medications like vitamin D daily.

    An order that can be ignored if not needed.

    nursing orders
  • What should be done if a medication is to be administered orally?

    Assess the patient's ability to swallow.

    Crush all medications for easier intake.

    Give the medication with juice.

    Administer without checking swallowing ability.

    nursing medication
  • What is necessary for the 'Right Route' principle?

    Use the route that is easiest for the nurse.

    Mix all medications together.

    Ensure adequate absorption of the medication.

    Administer all medications orally.

    nursing medication
  • What should you offer a patient instead of juice during consultation?

    Coffee

    Milk

    Water

    Soda

    patient_care hydration
  • What technique should be used during drug administration?

    Aseptic technique

    Non-sterile technique

    Hygienic technique

    Sterile technique

    medical_techniques aseptic
  • When should drug administration be documented?

    Before administration

    At the end of the shift

    After patient assessment

    Immediately

    documentation medication
  • What should be documented regarding the drug?

    Patient's age

    Patient's weight

    Patient's allergies

    Patient’s response

    documentation patient_response
  • What should not be crushed before administration?

    Immediate-release drugs

    Chewable tablets

    Extended-release drugs

    Liquid medications

    medication_safety drug_administration
  • What is a high-alert medication example?

    Ibuprofen

    Aspirin

    Insulin

    Acetaminophen

    medication_safety high_alert
  • What constitutes a sentinel event?

    Minor medication side effects

    Delayed drug administration

    Patient refusal of medication

    Patient injury or death due to drug error

    patient_safety medication_errors
  • What should controlled substances be stored in?

    Open shelf

    Refrigerator

    Desk drawer

    Locked cabinet

    controlled_substances storage
  • What are Schedule I drugs?

    Valium and Ativan

    Morphine and Dilaudid

    Heroin and LSD

    Vicodin and Tylenol

    controlled_substances drug_schedules
  • What should be done before disposing of medications?

    Flush down the toilet

    Return to the pharmacy

    Remove identifying information

    Store in the refrigerator

    medication_disposal safety
  • What does pregnancy category information provide?

    Availability of medications

    Cost of medications

    Side effects of medications

    Benefits and risks of medications

    pregnancy medication_safety
  • What measurement system should be used in medication preparation?

    Customary system

    Metric system

    Household measurements

    Imperial system

    measurement medication_preparation
  • What is the measurement equivalent of 1 teaspoon?

    15 ml

    10 ml

    5 ml

    1 ml

    measurement_equivalents dosage
  • What is the most common drug form for oral administration?

    Inhalers

    Ointments

    Tablets and capsules

    Suppositories

    oral_administration drug_forms
  • What should you do when applying transdermal medication?

    Wash hands only

    Wear a mask

    Use gloves

    Use a cotton ball

    transdermal safety
  • How should eyedrops be administered?

    Apply drops to the outer corner of the eye

    Apply drops to the middle third of the sac

    Put drops directly on the eyeball

    Squeeze drops into the ear

    eyedrops administration
  • What is the correct way to administer eardrops to children under 3 years?

    Pull down and back on the ear

    Pull up and back on the ear

    Tilt the head sideways

    Straighten the ear canal

    eardrops administration
  • What is the method for administering nasal spray?

    Inhale deeply before spraying

    Spray into the eye

    Spray onto the tongue

    Spray into the nostril while inhaling

    nasal_spray administration
  • What type of inhaler is commonly used?

    Metered-dose inhaler

    Nebulizer

    Dry powder inhaler

    Breath-activated inhaler

    inhalation drug_delivery
  • What is a common form for rectal drug administration?

    Inhalers

    Ointments

    Tablets

    Suppositories

    rectal_administration drug_forms
  • What is a method of drug administration that involves inhalation?

    Intravenous injections

    Vaginal medications

    Rectal suppositories

    Metered-dose inhalers

    pharmacology administration
  • What position should a patient be placed in for rectal suppository administration?

    Sitting position

    Standing position

    Sims position

    Supine position

    pharmacology administration
  • What are the routes of parenteral medication administration?

    Sublingual, rectal, vaginal

    Transdermal, intranasal, oral

    Intradermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous

    Oral, topical, inhalation

    pharmacology administration
  • What is an advantage of parenteral medication administration?

    Easier to administer than oral

    Requires no special training

    More rapid absorption than oral or topical

    Less painful than injections

    pharmacology administration
  • What developmental need might a pediatric patient experience during hospitalization?

    Lack of interest in surroundings

    Stranger anxiety

    Increased appetite

    Desire for independence

    pediatrics development
  • What is an important step in the clinical judgment of medication administration?

    Skip checking the expiration date

    Administer medication without checking

    Check drug label three times

    Only check once

    pharmacology administration
  • What should be done with needles and syringes after use?

    Re-use for another patient

    Keep in a drawer

    Discard in a sharps container

    Throw in regular trash

    safety pharmacology