Searching...
Flashcards in this deck (11)
  • Ultrasound (US) is a mechanical energy modality that uses high-frequency sound waves (1-3 MHz) to produce thermal and non-thermal effects in tissues.

    physiotherapy ultrasound therapy
  • US waves create alternating compression and rarefaction in tissues, leading to molecular vibration and resulting in micro-massage.

    physiotherapy ultrasound mechanism
  • For ultrasound therapy, the frequency of 1 MHz allows for deep penetration (3-5 cm) while 3 MHz allows for superficial penetration (1-2 cm).

    physiotherapy ultrasound frequency
  • The intensity of ultrasound therapy is adjusted based on tissue type and patient tolerance.

    physiotherapy ultrasound intensity
  • Ultrasound application techniques include: - Direct contact: Requires transmission gel - Immersion technique: For irregular surfaces (transducer 3-5 cm away) - Moving transducer: Prevents hot spots (4 cm/sec).

    physiotherapy ultrasound application
  • Thermal effects of ultrasound therapy are achieved through moderate-intensity continuous mode while non-thermal effects are achieved through low-intensity pulsed mode.

    physiotherapy ultrasound dosage
  • Phonophoresis uses ultrasound to enhance drug absorption.

    physiotherapy ultrasound phonophoresis
  • Non-thermal effects of ultrasound include increased membrane permeability, blood flow, fibroblastic activity, and tissue regeneration.

    physiotherapy ultrasound effects
  • Thermal effects of ultrasound therapy include vasodilation, collagen elasticity, pain relief, muscle relaxation, and metabolic activation.

    physiotherapy ultrasound effects
  • Indications for ultrasound therapy include: - Joint contractures - Muscle spasm - Scar tissue - Trauma - Arthritis - Low back pain - Sinusitis.

    physiotherapy ultrasound indications
  • Contraindications for ultrasound therapy include: - Pacemakers - Hemorrhage - Menstruation - Pregnancy - Fever - Cancer - Thrombophlebitis - Epiphyseal plates (in growing bones).

    physiotherapy ultrasound contraindications