Flashcards in this deck (32)

• What kind of quality is associated with spastic dysarthria?

  Strained-strangled quality, Harsh voice, Imprecise consonants
  speech disorders
• What are common causes of spastic dysarthria?

  • UMN damage
  • Degenerative diseases (e.g., MND – ALS)
  • Stroke (bilateral or brainstem)
  • TBI
  • Progressive supranuclear palsy
  • CNS tumor
  • Congenital (e.g., CP)
  speech causes disorders
• What are the characteristics of spastic dysarthria?

  • Increased muscle tone
  • Limitation of range
  • Slow movement
  • Hyperactive gag reflex
  • Dysphagia
  • Saliva escape
  speech characteristics
• What changes in speech are typical in spastic dysarthria?

  • Slow rate
  • Pitch breaks
  • Distorted vowels
  • Excess and equal stress
  speech features
• What term is sometimes used interchangeably with bulbar palsy?

  • Pseudobulbar affect
  • Corticobulbar dysfunction
  speech terminology
• In spastic dysarthria, muscle tone is increased, and speech may exhibit a strained quality.
  speech dysarthria
• Which of the following is NOT a symptom of spastic dysarthria?

  Harsh voice

  Imprecise consonants

  Clear, fluid articulation

  Slow rate of speech
  speech symptoms
• Which condition can lead to spastic dysarthria?

  Bilateral stroke

  Major depressive disorder

  Schizophrenia

  Huntington's disease
  speech causes disorders
• What type of damage results in unilateral upper motor neuron (UMN) speech issues?

  Damage from: - CVA (stroke) - Trauma - Tumour
  neurology speech
• What speech characteristics are associated with unilateral UMN damage?

  • Imprecise articulation
  • Dysdiadochokinesis
  • Slow rate
  speech disorders
• What physical sign indicates unilateral UMN involvement?

  • Unilateral tongue weakness (deviates to weaker side)
  • Orofacial weakness
  anatomy speech
• What is the primary cause of ataxic speech?

  Damage to the cerebellum.
  neurology speech
• What are common causes of ataxic speech?

  • Degenerative diseases
  • Cerebellar lesions
  • Stroke
  • Tumours
  • MS
  • Trauma
  neurology diagnosis
• What are the characteristics of ataxic speech?

  • Irregular articulatory breakdown
  • Excess stress
  • Harsh voice quality
  • Slow rate
  speech disorders
• What might indicate slow and irregular movements in ataxic speech?

  • Slow to start and stop
  • Intention tremor
  • Hypotonic affected muscles
  neurology motor_skills
• What damage leads to hypokinetic dysarthria?

  Damage to the control circuit of basal ganglia.
  neurology dysarthria
• What are some characteristics of hypokinetic dysarthria?

  • Monopitch
  • Reduced stress
  • Inappropriate silences
  • Breathy voice
  • Imprecise consonants
  symptoms dysarthria
• Which disease is associated with hypokinetic dysarthria?

  Parkinson's Disease (87% prevalence).
  neurology disease
• What are the speech characteristics of hypokinetic dysarthria?

  • Monoloudness
  • Short rushes of speech
  • Variable rate
  • Harsh voice quality
  symptoms speech
• What are some motor symptoms of hypokinetic dysarthria?

  • Rigidity
  • Bradykinesia
  • Difficulties starting/stopping movements
  symptoms motor
• What leads to hyperkinetic dysarthria?

  Damage to the basal ganglia, resulting in failure to inhibit.
  neurology dysarthria
• Name three conditions associated with hyperkinetic dysarthria.

  • Huntington's disease
  • Cerebral palsy
  • Tourette's
  neurology disease
• What are the speech characteristics of hyperkinetic dysarthria?

  • Distorted vowels
  • Excess loudness variations
  • Harsh voice quality
  symptoms speech
• What symptoms characterize hyperkinetic movement disorders?

  • Quick tics
  • Slow athetosis
  • Dystonia
  symptoms motor
• What types of dyskinesias are associated with hyperkinetic dysarthria?

  • Abnormal movements
  • Irregular, fast or slow movements
  symptoms motor
• What are the characteristics of involuntary movement?

  • Prolonged phonemes
  • Variable rate
  • Stress alterations
  • Audible inspiration
  neurology involuntary_movement
• What can involuntary movements occur in?

  • Face
  • Extremities
  • Whole body
  • At rest or during voluntary movement
  neurology dysarthria
• In mixed dysarthria, there is a combo of any 2 (or more) types of dysarthria.
  neurology dysarthria
• Which conditions can cause mixed dysarthria?

  • Neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., ALS, MS)
  • Progressive supranuclear palsy
  • Friedreich's ataxia
  • Stroke
  neurology dysarthria
• What happens to movement with damage to the basal ganglia?

  • Reduction of movement (hypokinetic)
  • Failure to inhibit involuntary movement (hyperkinetic)
  neurology basal_ganglia
• What can happen after a brainstem stroke?

  It can cause mixed dysarthrias, often resulting in a mix of spastic, ataxic, and flaccid features.
  neurology stroke dysarthria
• What are common types of mixed dysarthria?

  Hypokinetic

  Hypertonic

  Ataxic

  Spastic

  Atonic

  Flaccid
  neurology dysarthria