Aspirin is not indicated as primary prevention of atherosclerosis for those aged < 50 due to increased risk of _______ outweighing the _______.
Aspirin is not indicated as primary prevention of atherosclerosis for those aged < 50 due to increased risk of bleeding outweighing the cardioprotective benefit.
Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD) includes components such as _______, _______, _______, and _______.
Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD) includes components such as SLE, systemic sclerosis, polymyositis, and RA.
Treat neutropenic fever (ANC < 500) with _______ or _______ for Pseudomonas coverage.
Treat neutropenic fever (ANC < 500) with pip-tazo or cefepime for Pseudomonas coverage.
Myasthenia crisis is characterized by _______ and often occurs after stressors like _______, _______, or _______.
Myasthenia crisis is characterized by respiratory muscle weakness and often occurs after stressors like infection, surgery, or tapering off immunosuppressants.
To treat myasthenia crisis, use _______, _______, or _______.
To treat myasthenia crisis, use intubation, PLEX, or IVIg + CS.
Hold _______ during a myasthenia crisis to reduce _______ and risk of _______.
Hold AChE inhibitors during a myasthenia crisis to reduce airway secretions and risk of aspiration.
Medications that prolong QRS include _______, _______, and _______.
Medications that prolong QRS include TCAs, Class I antiarrhythmics, and amiodarone.
To manage TCA overdose, use _______.
To manage TCA overdose, use sodium bicarbonate.
"Some Risky Meds Can Prolong QT" includes _______, _______, _______, _______, _______, _______, and _______.
"Some Risky Meds Can Prolong QT" includes Sotalol, Risperidone, Macrolides, Chloroquine, Protease inhibitors, Quinidine, and Thiazides.
"High amplitude jugular venous pulsations" denote _______ indicating increased _______.
"High amplitude jugular venous pulsations" denote cannon A waves indicating increased right atrial pressure.
Pulmonary artery systolic pressure is elevated in _______.
Pulmonary artery systolic pressure is elevated in cor pulmonale.
Cor pulmonale is caused by _______ that may result from underlying diseases such as _______ or _______.
Cor pulmonale is caused by pHTN that may result from underlying diseases such as COPD or OSA.
Miliary is associated with primary _______.
Miliary is associated with primary adrenal insufficiency.
Actinic keratosis presents as _______, serving as a precursor to _______.
Actinic keratosis presents as sandpaper-like papules/plaques, serving as a precursor to SCC.
Management of actinic keratosis: cryotherapy for individual lesions, topical _______ for diffuse cases.
Management of actinic keratosis: cryotherapy for individual lesions, topical 5-FU for diffuse cases.
Diagnosis of CLL is completed via _______ of peripheral blood.
Diagnosis of CLL is completed via flow cytometry of peripheral blood.
CLL often presents with cervical, supraclavicular, and axillary _______.
CLL often presents with cervical, supraclavicular, and axillary lymphadenopathy.
In CLL, the presence of _______ on blood smear is characteristic.
In CLL, the presence of smudge cells on blood smear is characteristic.
Worse prognosis of CLL is associated with multiple chain LAD, _______, and _______.
Worse prognosis of CLL is associated with multiple chain LAD, hepatosplenomegaly, and anemia/thrombocytopenia.
LN biopsy is used to diagnose _______ and _______.
LN biopsy is used to diagnose Hodgkin lymphoma and NHL.
LV aneurysm results from scarring of the LV wall, leading to _______, arrhythmias, and secondary _______.
LV aneurysm results from scarring of the LV wall, leading to heart failure, arrhythmias, and secondary mitral regurgitation.
Infective endocarditis can cause dyspnea, cough, and _______, normocytic anemia, and 2º heart failure with elevated _______.
Infective endocarditis can cause dyspnea, cough, and edema, normocytic anemia, and 2º heart failure with elevated ESR.
Confirm the diagnosis of IE with _______ and an echo showing _______.
Confirm the diagnosis of IE with blood cultures and an echo showing valvular lesions.
Pulsus paradoxus can indicate conditions like _______, asthma, and _______.
Pulsus paradoxus can indicate conditions like tamponade, asthma, and COPD.
Digoxin toxicity can present with gastrointestinal symptoms, weakness, confusion, and _______.
Digoxin toxicity can present with gastrointestinal symptoms, weakness, confusion, and visual changes.
Transfusion anaphylaxis occurs within _______, while TRALI takes _______ to hours.
Transfusion anaphylaxis occurs within seconds, while TRALI takes minutes to hours.
TRALI is characterized by donor anti-leukocyte antibodies causing pulmonary edema with bilateral _______.
TRALI is characterized by donor anti-leukocyte antibodies causing pulmonary edema with bilateral pulmonary infiltrates.
Normal values are: PaCO2 _______ and PaO2 _______.
Normal values are: PaCO2 35–45 mmHg and PaO2 80–100 mmHg.
Chronic low back pain with a _______ suggests ankylosing spondylitis affecting chest wall motion.
Chronic low back pain with a restrictive pattern suggests ankylosing spondylitis affecting chest wall motion.
Cardiac sarcoidosis often presents as _______, ventricular arrhythmia, and _______.
Cardiac sarcoidosis often presents as complete AV block, ventricular arrhythmia, and heart failure.
Hyperkalemia on ECG is characterized by peaked T waves, absent/low amplitude P waves, and _______.
Hyperkalemia on ECG is characterized by peaked T waves, absent/low amplitude P waves, and QRS complex widening.
Sepsis causes intravascular volume depletion, potentially leading to _______.
Sepsis causes intravascular volume depletion, potentially leading to prerenal AKI.
Coughing hard enough to cause vomiting is indicative of _______, which is treated with _______.
Coughing hard enough to cause vomiting is indicative of pertussis, which is treated with macrolide.
APML presents with atypical promyelocytes including _______ and a _______.
APML presents with atypical promyelocytes including Auer rods and a bilobed nucleus.
APML is associated with the chromosomal translocation _______.
APML is associated with the chromosomal translocation t: 15, 17.
APML is a medical emergency due to the risk of _______ or _______.
APML is a medical emergency due to the risk of pulmonary hemorrhage or CVA hemorrhage.
The treatment for APML is _______ to promote differentiation of atypical promyelocytes.
The treatment for APML is all trans retinoic acid to promote differentiation of atypical promyelocytes.
Avoid using Morphine, Meperidine, Codeine, and Tramadol in patients with _______.
Avoid using Morphine, Meperidine, Codeine, and Tramadol in patients with renal insufficiency.
Stool guaiac, also known as _______, indicates an upper GI bleed.
Stool guaiac, also known as FOBT, indicates an upper GI bleed.
Milk-alkali syndrome leads to _______ and _______ due to increased reabsorption of bicarb.
Milk-alkali syndrome leads to metabolic alkalosis and AKI due to increased reabsorption of bicarb.
Peri-infection pericarditis occurs a few days after _______ (MI) and is triggered by transmural necrosis.
Peri-infection pericarditis occurs a few days after myocardial infarction (MI) and is triggered by transmural necrosis.
Dressler's syndrome occurs _______ after an MI.
Dressler's syndrome occurs 1 week to several months after an MI.
HIV esophagitis is more likely to be _______ if the patient has odynophagia without _______.
HIV esophagitis is more likely to be viral if the patient has odynophagia without dysphagia.
Diagnosing HIV esophagitis involves _______.
Diagnosing HIV esophagitis involves endoscopy.
IPF typically presents in ages _______ in smokers and those with a history of amiodarone or asbestos exposure.
IPF typically presents in ages 50-70 in smokers and those with a history of amiodarone or asbestos exposure.
Essential tremor is a bilateral action tremor that improves with _______.
Essential tremor is a bilateral action tremor that improves with EtOH.
Parkinson's tremor is a _______ tremor that decreases with voluntary movement.
Parkinson's tremor is a resting tremor that decreases with voluntary movement.
Cerebellar tremor increases as the hand approaches its _______.
Cerebellar tremor increases as the hand approaches its target.
Pleuritic pain and fever suggest infectious exudate due to cytokine release causing increased vascular _______.
Pleuritic pain and fever suggest infectious exudate due to cytokine release causing increased vascular permeability.
To treat left heart failure resulting from pHTN, HF drugs should be utilized in patients showing _______ and an EF of _______.
To treat left heart failure resulting from pHTN, HF drugs should be utilized in patients showing hypokinesis and an EF of 30%.
K citrate treats uric acid kidney stones by making the urine _______ and promoting the _______ of the stones.
K citrate treats uric acid kidney stones by making the urine basic and promoting the solubility of the stones.
Severe seborrheic dermatitis is associated with _______ and _______.
Severe seborrheic dermatitis is associated with HIV and Parkinson's.
SIADH is characterized by low serum osmolality and high urine osmolality with high urine sodium (>_______).
SIADH is characterized by low serum osmolality and high urine osmolality with high urine sodium (>40).
Mineralocorticoid deficiency presents with _______ and _______.
Mineralocorticoid deficiency presents with hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis.
If you test positive for STI or if you are screened generally for STI test for _______, _______, _______, _______, and if women _______.
If you test positive for STI or if you are screened generally for STI test for HIV, Syphilis, NG, CT, and if women trichomonas.
Both vomiting and NG tube use can cause _______ metabolic alkalosis which can lead to _______ or _______.
Both vomiting and NG tube use can cause hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis which can lead to volume depletion or prerenal AKI.
Cortisol inhibits ADH, leading to secondary Al causing _______ which causes _______.
Cortisol inhibits ADH, leading to secondary Al causing slADH which causes hyponatremia.
Tuberculin skin testing > _______ is enough to treat for latent TB.
Tuberculin skin testing > 5 is enough to treat for latent TB.
Renal artery stenosis will demonstrate an upper abdominal _______ bruit.
Renal artery stenosis will demonstrate an upper abdominal systolic-diastolic bruit.
Coarctation of the aorta presents with _______ and _______ along with delayed _______.
Coarctation of the aorta presents with UE HTN and LE hypotension along with delayed femoral pulses.
Mycoplasma causes symptoms within _______, while miliary TB symptoms develop over _______.
Mycoplasma causes symptoms within 2-3 weeks, while miliary TB symptoms develop over months.
Upper GI endoscopy screening is indicated for cirrhosis to evaluate for _______.
Upper GI endoscopy screening is indicated for cirrhosis to evaluate for esophageal varices.
Liver biopsy should be done for cirrhotic patients where there is no suspicion for underlying causes like _______ cirrhosis.
Liver biopsy should be done for cirrhotic patients where there is no suspicion for underlying causes like alcoholic cirrhosis.
C. difficile causes include recent _______, hospitalization, advanced age, and using a _______.
C. difficile causes include recent antibiotics, hospitalization, advanced age, and using a PPI.
C. difficile presents with leukocytosis and _______.
C. difficile presents with leukocytosis and fever.
SIBO is characterized by post bowel resection, postprandial diarrhea, and _______ without leukocytosis and fever.
SIBO is characterized by post bowel resection, postprandial diarrhea, and bloating without leukocytosis and fever.
ITP is marked by heavy bleeding and _______ with normal sized and large platelets due to increased platelet turnover caused by _______, _______, or underlying _______ conditions.
ITP is marked by heavy bleeding and thrombocytopenia with normal sized and large platelets due to increased platelet turnover caused by HIV, Hep C, or underlying autoimmune conditions.
Aspirin is not indicated as primary prevention of atherosclerosis for those aged < 50 due to increased risk of bleeding outweighing the cardioprotective benefit.
Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD) includes components such as SLE, systemic sclerosis, polymyositis, and RA.
Myasthenia crisis is characterized by respiratory muscle weakness and often occurs after stressors like infection, surgery, or tapering off immunosuppressants.
"Some Risky Meds Can Prolong QT" includes Sotalol, Risperidone, Macrolides, Chloroquine, Protease inhibitors, Quinidine, and Thiazides.
"High amplitude jugular venous pulsations" denote cannon A waves indicating increased right atrial pressure.
Management of actinic keratosis: cryotherapy for individual lesions, topical 5-FU for diffuse cases.
Worse prognosis of CLL is associated with multiple chain LAD, hepatosplenomegaly, and anemia/thrombocytopenia.
LV aneurysm results from scarring of the LV wall, leading to heart failure, arrhythmias, and secondary mitral regurgitation.
Infective endocarditis can cause dyspnea, cough, and edema, normocytic anemia, and 2º heart failure with elevated ESR.
Digoxin toxicity can present with gastrointestinal symptoms, weakness, confusion, and visual changes.
TRALI is characterized by donor anti-leukocyte antibodies causing pulmonary edema with bilateral pulmonary infiltrates.
Chronic low back pain with a restrictive pattern suggests ankylosing spondylitis affecting chest wall motion.
Hyperkalemia on ECG is characterized by peaked T waves, absent/low amplitude P waves, and QRS complex widening.
The treatment for APML is all trans retinoic acid to promote differentiation of atypical promyelocytes.
Peri-infection pericarditis occurs a few days after myocardial infarction (MI) and is triggered by transmural necrosis.
IPF typically presents in ages 50-70 in smokers and those with a history of amiodarone or asbestos exposure.
Pleuritic pain and fever suggest infectious exudate due to cytokine release causing increased vascular permeability.
To treat left heart failure resulting from pHTN, HF drugs should be utilized in patients showing hypokinesis and an EF of 30%.
K citrate treats uric acid kidney stones by making the urine basic and promoting the solubility of the stones.
SIADH is characterized by low serum osmolality and high urine osmolality with high urine sodium (>40).
If you test positive for STI or if you are screened generally for STI test for HIV, Syphilis, NG, CT, and if women trichomonas.
Both vomiting and NG tube use can cause hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis which can lead to volume depletion or prerenal AKI.
Liver biopsy should be done for cirrhotic patients where there is no suspicion for underlying causes like alcoholic cirrhosis.
SIBO is characterized by post bowel resection, postprandial diarrhea, and bloating without leukocytosis and fever.
ITP is marked by heavy bleeding and thrombocytopenia with normal sized and large platelets due to increased platelet turnover caused by HIV, Hep C, or underlying autoimmune conditions.
This section outlines key medical conditions and their management:
Important drug interactions and cardiovascular conditions:
Conditions affecting skin and hematological disorders:
Key points regarding infectious diseases and renal conditions:
Information on critical tumor presentations and treatments:
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