CZECH
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Flashcards in this deck (63)

  • Ahoj, jak se máš?

    Hi, how are you?

    common_greetings_and_responses politeness_and_formality

  • Dobrý den, jak vám mohu pomoci?

    Good day, how can I help you?

    common_greetings_and_responses politeness_and_formality

  • Děkuji moc, to je od vás milé.

    Thank you very much, that's kind of you.

    politeness_and_formality

  • Promiňte, kde je nádraží?

    Excuse me, where is the train station?

    essential_travel_phrases

  • Kolik to stojí?

    How much does it cost?

    essential_travel_phrases politeness_and_formality

  • Mluvím jen trochu česky.

    I speak only a little Czech.

    pronunciation_basics essential_travel_phrases

  • Kde je toaleta?

    Where is the restroom?

    essential_travel_phrases

  • Jedna, dva, tři, čtyři, pět.

    One, two, three, four, five.

    numbers_0–10

  • Šest, sedm, osm, devět, deset.

    Six, seven, eight, nine, ten.

    numbers_0–10

  • Jak se to vyslovuje?

    How is that pronounced?

    pronunciation_basics

  • Mohu platit kartou?

    Can I pay by card?

    essential_travel_phrases politeness_and_formality

  • Na shledanou, měj se hezky.

    Goodbye, have a nice day.

    common_greetings_and_responses politeness_and_formality

  • ahoj

    hello / hi

    greeting informal

  • dobrý den

    good day / hello (formal)

    greeting formal polite

  • na shledanou

    goodbye (formal)

    farewell formal

  • prosím

    please / you're welcome

    polite common

  • děkuji

    thank you

    polite common

  • ano

    yes

    particle common

  • ne

    no

    particle common

  • promiňte

    excuse me / sorry (formal)

    polite apology

  • jak se máte?

    how are you? (formal)

    phrase greeting formal

  • jak se máš?

    how are you? (informal)

    phrase greeting informal

  • jmenuji se

    my name is

    phrase introduction

  • kde

    where

    question pronoun

  • co

    what

    question pronoun

  • kdy

    when

    question pronoun

  • proč

    why

    question pronoun

  • kdo

    who

    question pronoun

  • já

    I

    pronoun core

  • ty

    you (singular, informal)

    pronoun core informal

  • on

    he

    pronoun core masculine

  • ona

    she

    pronoun core feminine

  • my

    we

    pronoun core

  • vy

    you (plural or formal)

    pronoun core formal

  • oni

    they (masculine or mixed)

    pronoun core plural

  • být

    to be

    verb core irregular

  • jsem

    I am

    verb být core

  • jsi

    you are (singular informal)

    verb být informal

  • je

    he/she/it is

    verb být core

  • jsme

    we are

    verb být core

  • jste

    you are (plural or formal)

    verb být formal

  • mají

    they have

    verb core

  • nula

    zero

    number 0

  • jedna

    one

    number 1 feminine

  • dva

    two

    number 2

  • tři

    three

    number 3

  • čtyři

    four

    number 4

  • pět

    five

    number 5

  • šest

    six

    number 6

  • sedm

    seven

    number 7

  • osm

    eight

    number 8

  • devět

    nine

    number 9

  • deset

    ten

    number 10

  • muž

    man

    noun common masculine

  • žena

    woman

    noun common feminine

  • dítě

    child

    noun common neuter

  • domov

    home

    noun common

  • jídlo

    food

    noun common

  • voda

    water

    noun common

  • dobrý

    good (masculine)

    adjective common gendered

  • špatný

    bad (masculine)

    adjective common gendered

  • malý

    small (masculine)

    adjective common gendered

  • velký

    big / large (masculine)

    adjective common gendered
Study Notes

Czech — essential words and phrases

Quick guide

  • Short, practical list of common Czech words, greetings, pronunciation tips, and travel phrases.
  • Focus on what a learner needs first: greeting, politeness, questions, numbers, and basic vocabulary.

Pronunciation basics

  • Czech is mostly phonetic: letters usually map to the same sounds each time.
  • Key sounds:
  • ch = like Scottish loch (voiceless velar fricative).
  • ř = unique rolled-fricative sound (approx. R+zh), practice slowly.
  • ě, š, ž, č, ň are common accented letters: š = sh, č = ch, ž = zh, ň ≈ ny.
  • Stress is almost always on the first syllable.

Greetings & basic responses

  • Ahoj (AH-hoy) — hi (informal).
  • Dobrý den (DOH-bree den) — good day / hello (formal).
  • Čau (chow) — bye / hi (informal).
  • Na shledanou (nah skleh-DAH-noh) — goodbye (formal).
  • Ano (AH-no) — yes. Ne (neh) — no.
  • Děkuji (DYEH-koo-yee) — thank you. Prosím (PRO-seem) — please / you’re welcome.
  • Promiňte (pro-MEENT-yeh) — excuse me / sorry.

Essential travel phrases

  • Kde je … ? — Where is … ? (useful for locations)
  • Kolik to stojí? (KOH-lik to STOY-ee) — How much does it cost?
  • Mluvíte anglicky? — Do you speak English?
  • Nemluvím česky — I don’t speak Czech.
  • Rozumím / Nerozumím — I understand / I don’t understand.
  • Pomoc! — Help!

Asking questions (common words)

  • Kdo? — Who?
  • Co? — What?
  • Kde? — Where?
  • Kdy? — When?
  • Proč? — Why?
  • Jak? — How?
  • Kolik? — How many / How much?

Numbers (0–10)

Digit Czech Pronunciation
0 nula NOO-la
1 jedna YED-na
2 dva dvah
3 tři trzh-ee
4 čtyři CH-tih-rzhi
5 pět pyet
6 šest shest
7 sedm sedm
8 osm osm
9 devět DEH-vyet
10 deset DEH-set

Useful nouns & verbs (high frequency)

  • Pronouns: já (I), ty (you sing.), on/ona/ono (he/she/it), my (we), vy (you pl./formal).
  • Common verbs: být (to be), mít (to have), dělat (to do/make), jít (to go), moci (can).
  • Example: Já jsem... — I am..., On má... — He has...

Politeness, formality, and address

  • Use Dobrý den and Vy for formal situations and people you don’t know.
  • Use ty, ahoj, čau with friends, family, or young people.
  • Polite phrases and the conditional make requests softer (e.g., Mohl byste... ? — Could you... ?).

Short grammar essentials

  • Czech is a Slavic language with cases; nouns change form depending on role (subject, object, etc.).
  • Verbs conjugate by person and tense; pronouns often omitted because verb endings show the subject.
  • For beginners, learn fixed expressions and simple sentence patterns before diving deep into cases.

Pronunciation & learning tips

  • Listen and repeat: mimic native audio for tricky sounds like ř and ch.
  • Learn set phrases for travel and daily interactions first; grammar can come later.
  • Practice numbers, greetings, and common questions until they feel automatic.
  • Use flashcards, spaced repetition, and short speaking drills.

Quick practice dialog (formal)

  • A: "Dobrý den, mluvíte anglicky?"
  • B: "Malinko. Můžu vám pomoci?"
  • A: "Hledám nádraží. Kde je?"
  • B: "Tamhle doprava, po deseti minutách uvidíte."

Final notes

  • Prioritize pronunciation, greetings, and polite forms; they unlock most practical interactions.
  • Keep a short pocket list of phrases and numbers when traveling.