Diese Karteikarten sind noch nicht gespeichert — sie verschwinden, wenn du die Seite verlässt. Erstelle ein kostenloses Konto, um sie zu behalten und alles unten freizuschalten.
What is the TCA Cycle also known as?
Krebs Cycle
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What is the importance of the TCA cycle?
Central to oxidative metabolism and ATP synthesis
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
Where does the Krebs Cycle occur?
Exclusively in the mitochondria
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What does the TCA cycle require for its process?
Requires oxygen
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What are the starting materials for the Krebs Cycle?
Acetyl CoA and oxaloacetate
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What is produced in the pyruvate to Acetyl CoA step?
Produces NADH and CO2
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What complex catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to Acetyl CoA?
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What are the products of one TCA cycle?
1 GTP/ATP, 3 NADH, 1 FADH2
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
How many times does the TCA cycle turn per glucose molecule?
Two times
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What does the Electron Transport Chain (ETC) do?
Creates a proton gradient for ATP production
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What does Complex 1 of the ETC do?
Oxidizes NADH to NAD+, transfers electrons to ubiquinone (Q)
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What is the role of Complex 4 in the ETC?
Transfers electrons from cytochrome C to oxygen, forming water
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What is the outcome of oxidative phosphorylation?
Drives ATP synthesis via ATP synthase
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What is a potential consequence of uncoupling in the ETC?
Proton gradients are not used for ATP generation
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What does cyanide do to the body?
Inactivates cytochrome oxidase, halting ATP production
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
How is the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex controlled?
Regulated through de/-phosphorylation by kinases and phosphatases
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What inhibits PDH?
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What keeps PDH active?
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What activates phosphatase in muscle to enhance PDH activity?
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What effect does insulin have on PDH regulation?
Reduces kinase activity, enhances phosphatase effect.
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What hormones interact in glycolysis and energy metabolism?
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What primarily regulates the Krebs cycle?
End-product inhibition by ATP and NADH on dehydrogenase enzymes.
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What stimulates ATP production in skeletal muscle?
Calcium levels through substrate regulation.
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What does the TCA cycle serve as a hub for?
Generating organic molecules like fatty acids and glucose.
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What happens to the TCA cycle during hypoxia?
Efficiency decreases, leading to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What is a cellular response to hypoxia?
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What does HIF1 do under low oxygen conditions?
Acts as a transcription factor, switching on genes for survival.
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What genes does HIF1 increase expression of during hypoxia?
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
How do tumors use HIF1?
Promote survival and progression in low oxygen, making it a therapy target.
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What is the reaction for converting pyruvate to acetyl-CoA?
pyruvate + CoA + NAD → acetyl-CoA + CO₂ + NADH
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
Which enzyme initiates the Krebs cycle?
Citrate Synthase
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What is produced by isocitrate dehydrogenase?
NADH
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What does fumarase convert?
Water and fumarate in the Krebs cycle.
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What does α-Ketoglutarate produce in the Krebs cycle?
NADH and CoA-SH.
Durchsuche hier deine Karten, oder sign up to study with spaced repetition.
What is the TCA Cycle also known as?
Krebs Cycle
What is the importance of the TCA cycle?
Central to oxidative metabolism and ATP synthesis
Where does the Krebs Cycle occur?
Exclusively in the mitochondria
What does the TCA cycle require for its process?
Requires oxygen
What are the starting materials for the Krebs Cycle?
Acetyl CoA and oxaloacetate
What is produced in the pyruvate to Acetyl CoA step?
Produces NADH and CO2
What complex catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to Acetyl CoA?
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
What are the products of one TCA cycle?
1 GTP/ATP, 3 NADH, 1 FADH2
How many times does the TCA cycle turn per glucose molecule?
Two times
What does the Electron Transport Chain (ETC) do?
Creates a proton gradient for ATP production
What does Complex 1 of the ETC do?
Oxidizes NADH to NAD+, transfers electrons to ubiquinone (Q)
What is the role of Complex 4 in the ETC?
Transfers electrons from cytochrome C to oxygen, forming water
What is the outcome of oxidative phosphorylation?
Drives ATP synthesis via ATP synthase
What is a potential consequence of uncoupling in the ETC?
Proton gradients are not used for ATP generation
What does cyanide do to the body?
Inactivates cytochrome oxidase, halting ATP production
How is the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex controlled?
Regulated through de/-phosphorylation by kinases and phosphatases
What inhibits PDH?
What keeps PDH active?
What activates phosphatase in muscle to enhance PDH activity?
What effect does insulin have on PDH regulation?
Reduces kinase activity, enhances phosphatase effect.
What hormones interact in glycolysis and energy metabolism?
What primarily regulates the Krebs cycle?
End-product inhibition by ATP and NADH on dehydrogenase enzymes.
What stimulates ATP production in skeletal muscle?
Calcium levels through substrate regulation.
What does the TCA cycle serve as a hub for?
Generating organic molecules like fatty acids and glucose.
What happens to the TCA cycle during hypoxia?
Efficiency decreases, leading to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.
What is a cellular response to hypoxia?
What does HIF1 do under low oxygen conditions?
Acts as a transcription factor, switching on genes for survival.
What genes does HIF1 increase expression of during hypoxia?
How do tumors use HIF1?
Promote survival and progression in low oxygen, making it a therapy target.
What is the reaction for converting pyruvate to acetyl-CoA?
pyruvate + CoA + NAD → acetyl-CoA + CO₂ + NADH
Which enzyme initiates the Krebs cycle?
Citrate Synthase
What is produced by isocitrate dehydrogenase?
NADH
What does fumarase convert?
Water and fumarate in the Krebs cycle.
What does α-Ketoglutarate produce in the Krebs cycle?
NADH and CoA-SH.
Bist du sicher, dass du 0 Karteikarten löschen willst? Das lässt sich nicht rückgängig machen.
Wähle Tags aus, die entfernt werden sollen von 0 ausgewählten Karteikarten:
Tags werden geladen...