What does the term 'Biology' mean?
Study of life
What are the two main branches of Biology?
Zoology and Botany
What is Zoology?
Study of animals
What is Botany?
Study of plants
Name a specific aspect of Biology.
Morphology
What is the application of Biology in medicine?
Medicine, dentistry and veterinary science
What is one application of Biotechnology?
Genetic engineering
What is one characteristic of living things?
Movement
What is respiration in living organisms?
Process of breaking down food for energy
What are the two major types of nutrition?
Autotrophic and heterotrophic
What is irritability in living things?
Ability to respond to stimuli
What does growth refer to in living organisms?
Increase in size and complexity
What is excretion?
Removal of metabolic waste products
What is reproduction?
Ability to produce offspring
What is adaptation?
Process of adjusting to the environment
What is competition in living organisms?
Interaction for needs in the environment
What is the life span of living things?
Definite time of existence before death
How do plants manufacture food?
Through photosynthesis
How do animals obtain food?
Depend on plants directly or indirectly
Where does growth mainly occur in plants?
At the tips of roots and stems
Where does growth occur in animals?
In all parts of the body
What type of growth do plants exhibit?
Unlimited growth
What type of growth do animals exhibit?
Limited growth
Do plants have sense organs?
No
Do animals have specialized sense organs?
Yes
How do plants store excess food?
As starch and oil
How do animals store excess food?
As glycogen and fats
What is the response time of plants to stimuli?
Slow
What is the response time of animals to stimuli?
Fast
What is the hierarchy of biological organisation?
Macromolecules to Organelles
What is a single-celled organism called?
Unicellular organism
What is a multi-cellular organism called?
Multicellular organism
What does complexity of organisms lead to?
Specialisation
What does specialisation lead to?
Division of labour
What does division of labour lead to?
Efficiency
What is an advantage of complexity in organisms?
Various systems operate side-by-side
What does complexity increase in organisms?
Adaptation to environment
What is a disadvantage of complexity in higher organisms?
Inability of individual cells to exist on their own
What does complexity lead to regarding waste products?
Slower rate of expulsion
What does complexity decrease in organisms?
Ability to regenerate
What is taxonomy?
Arrangement of living things into groups
What are the levels of classification?
Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
What is binomial nomenclature?
System of naming organisms by genus and species
Who introduced binomial nomenclature?
Carolus Linnaeus
What is the scientific name for man?
Homo sapiens
What is the scientific name for maize?
Zea mays
What is the scientific name for rat?
Rattus rattus
What is the scientific name for orange?
Citrus sinensis
How many kingdoms are living things classified into?
Five kingdoms
What are the five kingdoms?
Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia
What is a characteristic of Monera?
Simple cell structure with no definite nucleus
What is a characteristic of Protista?
Unicellular eukaryotic organisms
What are the three phyla of Protista?
Protozoa, Protophyta, Euglenophyta
What are examples of Protozoa?
Amoeba, Paramecium
What do Protophyta contain for photosynthesis?
Chloroplasts with chlorophyll
What is an example of Euglenophyta?
Euglena viridis
What movement structure does Euglenophyta have?
Flagellum
What are organisms with both plant and animal features called?
Euglena viridis
What structure does Euglena viridis use for movement?
Flagellum
What enables Euglena viridis to manufacture food?
Chloroplasts
What is a disadvantage of complexity in higher organisms?
Inability of individual cells to exist on their own
Are you sure you want to delete 0 flashcard(s)? This cannot be undone.
Select tags to remove from 0 selected flashcard(s):
Loading tags...