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What type of tissue is blood?
Blood is connective tissue.
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Why is blood considered connective tissue?
Because it has cells and cell fragments suspended in a liquid matrix called plasma.
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What are the two main parts of blood?
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What percent of blood is plasma?
About 55%.
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What percent of blood is formed elements?
About 45%.
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What are the formed elements of blood?
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What is the buffy coat composed of in a hematocrit tube?
The buffy coat is made of white blood cells and platelets.
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In a hematocrit tube, which layer is on top, middle, and bottom?
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Are platelets full cells? Explain.
No. Platelets are cell fragments, not full cells.
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From what large cells do platelets originate?
Platelets come from large cells called megakaryocytes.
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What is hematopoiesis?
Hematopoiesis is the formation of blood cells/formed elements.
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Where does hematopoiesis occur?
Hematopoiesis occurs in red bone marrow.
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What are pluripotent stem cells in the context of blood formation?
Pluripotent stem cells are stem cells that can differentiate into many different types of blood cells.
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What is the term for red blood cell formation?
Red blood cell formation is called erythropoiesis.
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What is the term for white blood cell formation?
White blood cell formation is called leukopoiesis.
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What is the term for platelet formation?
Platelet formation is called thrombopoiesis.
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What does hypoxia mean?
Hypoxia means low oxygen.
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How does the body respond to hypoxia regarding red blood cell production?
The kidneys release erythropoietin (EPO), which stimulates red bone marrow to make more red blood cells.
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Where is erythropoietin (EPO) mostly released from?
EPO is mostly released from the kidneys.
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What effect does increased red blood cell production have on blood viscosity?
Increased red blood cell production makes blood thicker and increases viscosity.
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What is the main job of red blood cells?
Carry oxygen.
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What is the main job of white blood cells?
Immune defense.
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What happens to blood viscosity when cells are made?
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What is another name for red blood cells?
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What gives red blood cells their red color?
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What important mineral is found in hemoglobin?
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Do mature red blood cells have a nucleus or most organelles?
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Why do red blood cells lack most organelles?
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What is the lifespan of a red blood cell?
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What is another name for white blood cells?
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What are the two major types of white blood cells?
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Which cells are granular leukocytes?
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Which cells are agranular leukocytes?
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What is another name for white blood cell emigration?
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What does WBC emigration (diapedesis) mean?
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What do selectins help white blood cells do during emigration?
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What do integrins help white blood cells do during emigration?
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What is the simple order of steps for WBC emigration?
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What is hemostasis?
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What are the three steps of hemostasis?
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What happens during vascular spasm (vasoconstriction)?
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What happens during platelet plug formation?
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Which chemicals cause platelet aggregation?
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What does coagulation mean?
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What are the two clotting pathways?
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What do both clotting pathways lead to?
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What does thrombin activate in clotting?
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What is the role of fibrin during clot formation?
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What are the two main components of blood?
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What are the three types of formed elements in blood?
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What is the primary function of red blood cells (erythrocytes)?
To carry oxygen
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What is the primary role of white blood cells (leukocytes)?
Provide immune defense
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What are platelets described as and what is their function?
Clotting fragments that help form a platelet plug
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Define hematopoiesis.
The formation of blood cells
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What is erythropoiesis?
The formation of red blood cells (RBCs)
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What is leukopoiesis?
The formation of white blood cells (WBCs)
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What is thrombopoiesis?
The formation of platelets
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Describe the sequence from hypoxia to increased RBC production.
Hypoxia → kidneys release EPO → red bone marrow makes RBCs
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What are the three main steps of hemostasis?
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What is fibrin and its role in clotting?
A fiber net or protein that holds the clot together
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Which chemicals help cause platelet aggregation?
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What type of tissue is blood?
Blood is connective tissue.
Why is blood considered connective tissue?
Because it has cells and cell fragments suspended in a liquid matrix called plasma.
What are the two main parts of blood?
What percent of blood is plasma?
About 55%.
What percent of blood is formed elements?
About 45%.
What are the formed elements of blood?
What is the buffy coat composed of in a hematocrit tube?
The buffy coat is made of white blood cells and platelets.
In a hematocrit tube, which layer is on top, middle, and bottom?
Are platelets full cells? Explain.
No. Platelets are cell fragments, not full cells.
From what large cells do platelets originate?
Platelets come from large cells called megakaryocytes.
What is hematopoiesis?
Hematopoiesis is the formation of blood cells/formed elements.
Where does hematopoiesis occur?
Hematopoiesis occurs in red bone marrow.
What are pluripotent stem cells in the context of blood formation?
Pluripotent stem cells are stem cells that can differentiate into many different types of blood cells.
What is the term for red blood cell formation?
Red blood cell formation is called erythropoiesis.
What is the term for white blood cell formation?
White blood cell formation is called leukopoiesis.
What is the term for platelet formation?
Platelet formation is called thrombopoiesis.
What does hypoxia mean?
Hypoxia means low oxygen.
How does the body respond to hypoxia regarding red blood cell production?
The kidneys release erythropoietin (EPO), which stimulates red bone marrow to make more red blood cells.
Where is erythropoietin (EPO) mostly released from?
EPO is mostly released from the kidneys.
What effect does increased red blood cell production have on blood viscosity?
Increased red blood cell production makes blood thicker and increases viscosity.
What is the main job of red blood cells?
Carry oxygen.
What is the main job of white blood cells?
Immune defense.
What happens to blood viscosity when cells are made?
What is another name for red blood cells?
What gives red blood cells their red color?
What important mineral is found in hemoglobin?
Do mature red blood cells have a nucleus or most organelles?
Why do red blood cells lack most organelles?
What is the lifespan of a red blood cell?
What is another name for white blood cells?
What are the two major types of white blood cells?
Which cells are granular leukocytes?
Which cells are agranular leukocytes?
What is another name for white blood cell emigration?
What does WBC emigration (diapedesis) mean?
What do selectins help white blood cells do during emigration?
What do integrins help white blood cells do during emigration?
What is the simple order of steps for WBC emigration?
What is hemostasis?
What are the three steps of hemostasis?
What happens during vascular spasm (vasoconstriction)?
What happens during platelet plug formation?
Which chemicals cause platelet aggregation?
What does coagulation mean?
What are the two clotting pathways?
What do both clotting pathways lead to?
What does thrombin activate in clotting?
What is the role of fibrin during clot formation?
What are the two main components of blood?
What are the three types of formed elements in blood?
What is the primary function of red blood cells (erythrocytes)?
To carry oxygen
What is the primary role of white blood cells (leukocytes)?
Provide immune defense
What are platelets described as and what is their function?
Clotting fragments that help form a platelet plug
Define hematopoiesis.
The formation of blood cells
What is erythropoiesis?
The formation of red blood cells (RBCs)
What is leukopoiesis?
The formation of white blood cells (WBCs)
What is thrombopoiesis?
The formation of platelets
Describe the sequence from hypoxia to increased RBC production.
Hypoxia → kidneys release EPO → red bone marrow makes RBCs
What are the three main steps of hemostasis?
What is fibrin and its role in clotting?
A fiber net or protein that holds the clot together
Which chemicals help cause platelet aggregation?
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